The purpose of this study was to inform on a first recent finding of scallop Chlamys (?) lioica (Dall, 1907).

The research methods consist in description of specimens found in according with generally accepted methods.

Results: Two alive specimens of scallop, unlike any known recent Pectinidae from the Northwest Pacific were found in the area of scallop fishery at north Kurile Islands in 2012 and 2017. These specimens identified as Pecten (Chlamys) lioicus Dall, 1907, known before as fossil only.

Discussion: The main taxonomic features confirm belonging of these specimens to the genus Chlamys. Some another features as well developed commarginal lamellae of external valves surface, absence of reticulated microsculpture and smooth ventral margin of valves differ these specimens from another Chlamys s. str. species. The correct systematic position of this species may be clarified after examination of additional materials, the name Chlamys lioica (Dall, 1907) may be used until that.

The novelty of research is in first recent finding of Chlamys lioica.

Conclusion. Two findings of this species at North Kuriles were recorded only. However, this species may inhabit areas outside of main scallop fishing grounds. Rare findings may be explained by rare occasional relocation of some specimens from typical native grounds.

The aim is to reveal the current status of anadromous sturgeon populations in Russia against the background of many years of large-scale measures for their restoration and legislative protection of stocks.

Material — the results of mathematical modeling of scenarios for the restoration of sturgeon stocks to a stable state sufficient for the resumption of commercial fishing, as well as the results of direct field surveys of the sturgeon population.

The results show that with the leveling out of illegal fishing and an increase in the volume of artificially reared juveniles to replenish natural populations, in the perspective of 5–10 years, it is possible to allow the start of commercial sturgeon fishing in the Azov and Amur basins. Expeditionary research in recent years confirms the growth of sturgeon populations’ size in the Sea of Azov and the Amur River. For the sturgeons of the Volga-Caspian basin, the prospect of restoring a stable population is more distant and requires a significant increase in the volume of artificial reproduction.

Conclusion: the number of sturgeons in the Sea of Azov and the Amur River basin has been steadily growing   in recent years; in the Volga-Caspian basin, the number of Russian sturgeon fluctuates from year to year and its steady growth, as well as decrease, has not yet been observed. Commercial sturgeon fishing in the Azov  and Amur basins can be resumed in the near future, provided that the volume of their artificial reproduction  is increased and IUU fishing is leveled out.

The purpose of the work is to study the possibility of organizing a new type of Caspian Sea sprat fishing in the western part of the Middle Caspian Sea using multi–depth trawls.

The method is the performance in 2009–2012 of all-season expeditionary search trawl-acoustic, ichthyological and hydrological works using generally accepted methods.

The novelty consists in the conducted studies allowed to assess the distribution and formation of commercial clusters of Caspian Sea sprat in the pre-winter and winter period in the western part of the Middle Caspian Sea. We revealed that in the cold season, in conditions of the lowest water temperature values, specific changes in the behavior of Caspian Sea sprat occur here, which make it possible to effectively catch its accumulations with a multi-depth trawl.

The results are based on the analysis of research materials from 2009–2012 that allowed to develop a biological justification for the organization of a new type of marine fishing in the Caspian Sea — the extraction     of Caspian Sea sprat by multi-depth trawls.

The practical significance — based on the recommendations of CaspNIRKH in 2019, a Russian trawl fishery for Caspian Sea sprat was organized in the western part of the Middle Caspian Sea, which is currently developing successfully.

The aim: assessment of trends in the dynamics of the stocks of four species of halibut in the Bering Sea and characterization of the features of their modern fishery in its western part.

The methods: in preparing the article, the method of analyzing specialized fisheries for marine fish in the  West Bering Sea zone (Far Eastern fishery basin) was used based on daily ship reports, information from open sources and archival materials were used. Standard methods of data processing and interpretation were used. The novelty: the article presents the actual analysis of the structure, intensity of fishing and the level of by-catch of all halibut species in the West Bering Sea zone.

Results: an analysis of the structure of the specialized halibut fishery in the West Bering Sea zone and the level of their by-catch is presented, trends in the dynamics of fishery indicators and stocks are identified, an assessment is made of the intensity of halibut fishing, and the need to develop recommendations for regulating the halibut fishery in the West Bering Sea zone in the short term is show.

The practical significance: the results presented in the article will be used to develop recommendations and measures to regulate fishing in order to conserve and rationally use halibut resources in the West Bering Sea zone.

The aim of the work is assesment of the species composition and spatial distribution of spring ichthyoplankton in area off northern Kuril Islands.

Material and methods. It is based on the data of ichthyoplankton sampling in 2011, 2015 and 2016 yrs, trawl surveys in 2011 and 2015, and hydrological surveys in 2015 and 2016 yrs. Maps of the fish distribution at various stages of ontogenesis were made. Cluster analysis was used to identify the structure of ichthyoplankton  in the 2015 collections.

Novelty. For the first time, data on ichthyoplankton collected by the SakhNIRO in the 2010s near the northern Kuril Islands are presented. The ichthyoplankton complexes of the spring 2015 are identified and their spatial location is shown.

Results. Eggs and larvae of 26 fish species were identified in ichthyoplankton collection, 86 species of teleosts were noted in trawl catches. The dominant components of ichthyoplankton were the walleye pollock eggs Gadus chalcogrammus, the larvae of the Pacific sand lance Ammodytes hexapterus and the larvae of sculpins gen. Gymnocanthus. Most species abundant in ichthyoplankton were among the most significant in trawl catches. The maximum abundance of ichthyoplankton, more than 600 ind./m², in the area of the Northern Kuril occurred at the beginning of May. The structure of ichthyoplankton in April-May of 2015–2016 was quite similar, at the level of 60–70%.

Practical significance. Knowledge of the main spawning areas of commercial fish and the places of development of their early stages is an important component for making decisions on the rational use of biological resources.

The aim of this research was to assess the abundance and distribution of the Ladoga ringed seals during anomaly warm winter 2020.

The main method of the research was arial survey of the seals using drones. Taking into account complete absence of ice on the surface of the Ladoga Lake at the time of the survey (April-May, 2020) a new method for assessing the seals abundance was used that was based on the extrapolation of the seals density along the coast line using barrier model in R Statistic Software.

As a result of the research, it was shown that during anomaly warm winter, in the absence of ice fields on the Ladoga Lake, the seals formed rookeries directly on the co0astline of remote islands and hardly accessible rocky inlets in the northern part of the Ladoga Lake. Total number of the seal population, estimated basing on the arial survey data was 5,680 individuals.

Conclusion: The study showed that the islands, skerries and rocky inlets in the northern part of the Ladoga Lage act as a kind of refuge for the Ladoga ringed seal during anomaly warm ice-free winters. These environments provide the seals proper substrate suitable for bedding and shelter. Basing on the survey data, the population of the Ladoga seal in the northern part of the Ladoga Lake was amounted to 5,680 individuals which is close   to the estimates obtained for the entire Ladoga Lake in 2012–6.5 thousand individuals. Thus, the data of the 2020 air survey allow us to make a preliminary conclusion that the population of the Ladoga seal has not changed significantly over the past 8 years.

Purpose: assessment of age at puberty, life cycle length, and reproductive contribution in female fur seals  over the life cycle.

Method: analysis of materials on the return of tags from fur seals from the generations of 1979–1997, obtained during the harem period at the Central site of the Northern rookery (Bering Island) in 1982–2014.

Novelty: For the first time, the life cycles of female fur seals from the generations of 1979–1997 have been completely traced. Information is presented on the duration of the life cycle of female fur seals, the age of entry into reproduction, and the reproductive contribution of females during the life cycle. The individual variability of life cycle parameters in female fur seals is shown.

Results: The age of the first exit of females to the rookery ranged from 2 to 17 years. During the study period, females spent from 1 to 17 breeding seasons on the haulout. The duration of the life cycle is subject to significant individual variation: only less than 5% of the females spent more than 10 breeding seasons on the rookery, about a third of the females went to the rookery more than 6 times, about half — more than 4 times, and about a third of the females went to the rookery 2–3 times. Almost half (44.2%) of puppies are born during the 2nd — 3rd reproductive season, more than 95% of puppies are born during the 2nd — 9th reproductive seasons, and only about 5% of female puppies are born during the 10th 17 reproductive seasons. At the age   of three, only 0.4% of puppies were born by females; at the age of 4–8 years — 57.6% of puppies; at the age  of 9–13 years — 30.8%; at the age of 14–19 years — 10.3% and at the age of 20–22 years — 0.9% of puppies. Skipping breeding seasons is an adaptation of females to high maternal costs for offspring.

The purpose of the work: To determine the possibility of replacing fishmeal with other protein components in the composition of feed for two-year-old whitefishes.

Methods used: whitefish were grown in cages on experimental, control and imported feeds during the growing seasons of 2018, 2019 and 2020.

The growth rate of fish and the physiological state of the liver index, blood parameters, total fat and vitamin   C content in the body and liver were studied.

Novelty: the use of new domestic protein components in feed for whitefishes — microbial protein concentrate (bacterial biomass on natural gas), Agro-Matike (a mixture of legume components with meat flour — processed products of poultry farms), Protefid (soy concentrate).

Results: Two-year-old whitefish fed feed with the replacement of 30–50% of fishmeal with the indicated protein components did not differ in growth rate from the growth rate of fish reared on control feeds without     of fishmeal substitutes, but lagged behind in growth from fish fed on imported feed. With an increase in the composition of experimental feeds of fish oil from 14–16 to 20–22%, the final weight of whitefish reached    the weight of fish on the Finnish feed. The physiological state of fish on all variants of feed did not deviate  from the norm.

Practical significance: the mastered production of Agro-Matik, Protefid and the possibility of increasing the production of microbial protein concentrate make it possible to use them as substitutes for fishmeal in the composition of complete feeds for industrial fish farming.

The aim was to determine the effective dosages of Levofloxacin, an antibacterial drug new for aquaculture,   for the treatment of bacterial haemorrhagic septicaemia in carps and improvement of the physiological state of fish following disease and antibiotic therapy.

The methods: the experiments were carried out in aquaculture on juvenile carps infected with a mixed culture of pathogens: highly pathogenic strains of Aeromonas sp., Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and Citrobacter. Three dosages of Levofloxacin were tested: 250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg of ichtyomass with feed for 7 days. After the antibiotic therapy, a course of feeding was carried out with SUB-PRO probiotic at a dose of 0.4 g/kg of feed   for 10 days.

Scientific novelty: application of a broad-spectrum antibiotic Levofloxacin, an antibacterial drug new for aquaculture, in fish.

The results: positive results were obtained with Levofloxacin, an antibiotic new for aquaculture, in the treatment of bacterial haemorrhagic septicaemia. The advantage of the drug is the inhibitory effect on a wide range of bacterial agents and the absence of negative effects on the physiological state of fish. An effective dosage  of Levofloxacin (1,000 mg/kg of ichtyomass for 7 days) was established under experimental conditions. The positive dynamics on the blood parameters of the probiotic drug “SUB-PRO” after the disease and antibiotic therapy was revealed, which provided an increase in the resistance of the fish organism.

The practical significance: the findings will be crucial in the development of practical recommendations for  the treatment of bacterial haemorrhagic septicaemia of fish in aquaculture.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the consequences of uncritical transfer of foreign experience of auction trading in quotas of aquatic biological resources (ABR) into the practice of industrial fisheries management in Russia.

The scientific analysis is based on the method of analogies, with the help of which the criteria of foreign experience used in the regulation of industrial fishing become similar in their characteristics to the criteria used in Russia.

Scientific novelty is represented by proposals for the formation of the Russian state policy in the system of distribution of individual quotas for the right to catch ABR.

The practical significance of the analysis is to create the possibility of avoiding in Russia the mistakes made during the transfer to private ownership of quotas of the ABR abroad, which led to an increase in shadow turn-over and illegal transactions in fisheries, an increase in subsidies with a decrease in the economic efficiency of fishing, an increase in conflicts among fishermen, an increase in distrust of the fishing community to the actions of the government, the concentration of income and political influence in the hands of a minority, the dispersion of fishing rents, the destruction of the way of life of coastal fishing communities, accelerating the rate of degradation of marine ecosystems and increasing the cost of maintaining bureaucracy.

In conclusion, conclusions are drawn about what mistakes should be avoided in Russia when introducing the practice of regulating fishing on the basis of individual fish quotas made in this process abroad.

The purpose of the work is to develop recommendations on the functioning and development of the fisheries complex of the Crimea from the standpoint of the ecosystem approach based on the study of the concepts of state and business management of fisheries activities.

The methods used: dialectical and systematic approaches, generalization, logical research  methods, including analysis and synthesis, allowed us to formulate meaningful characteristics of the policy of state fisheries management and the internal policy of fisheries management, as well as to focus on the organization of environmentally responsible fisheries management.

An element of novelty is the development of scientific and applied aspects of the organization of the process of implementing fisheries management activities based on the introduction of strategic management tools for industry enterprises and minimizing the negative impact on aquatic (marine) ecosystems.

Research results: conceptualization of the problem of strategic management of fisheries activities for the development of qualitatively new methods and solutions for the development of the fisheries complex of the Crimea.

The practical significance lies in the development of recommendations for the effective use of regional determinants of the Crimea and the creation of a sustainable managed raw material base of the fisheries complex  of the region.

Purpose: to analyze the program development of the Russian fisheries complex in retrospect; to consider the targets, stages, main tasks and the main distinctive principles of the principles of development in the new economy.

Method: analytical, logical, comparison, statistical methods were used. Information sources included statistical and informational data of the Government of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Agriculture, Federal Agency for fisheries, Federal State Statistics Service, etc.

Results: the article summarizes the individual results of the activities of the fisheries complex in the process   of implementing the «Strategy for the development of the fisheries complex until 2020», which shows the dynamics of the volume of catch of aquatic biological resources, the release of food fish products, the renewal of fixed assets in accordance with the task of strategic innovation and actual development of the fisheries complex. The peculiarity of the development of the fisheries complex is emphasized in the conditions of the «Strategy for the development of the fisheries complex for the period up to 2030», «Strategy for the development of agro-industrial and fisheries complexes of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030», as well as the state program «Development of the fisheries complex».

Practical significance: in order to improve the efficiency of management of the development of the Russian fisheries complex, it seems appropriate to establish indicators that can be used in the formation of indicators of the activities of enterprises of the fisheries complex, and calculations of the parameters of strategic development should take into account actual statistical indicators that allow analyzing the interdependence of macroeconomic results of the projected work depending on changes in various external and internal factors.

The purpose of the article is to discuss methodical aspects of the analysis of factors affecting the economic indicators of the fisheries complex of the Far Eastern Federal District.

Methods: expert evaluation method, generalization, abstraction, comparative analysis, algorithm.

Results: in the course of the study, the authors proposed methodical recommendations for conducting a factor analysis of economic indicators and processes taking place in the fisheries complex; six groups of factors affecting the economic indicators of the fisheries complex of the Far Eastern Federal District are identified. The distribution of assessments of the importance of factors according to natural and resource group, regional and economic, national, macroeconomic, international, market-based, digital economy of the industry, regulation of foreign economic activity is obtained.

Novelty: the main components of the author’s methodology including an evaluation algorithm, detailed groups of factors, variability of approaches to the study: express approach, in-depth analysis, allowing to conduct        a study of the economic development of the fishery complex of the Far Eastern Federal District with varying degrees of research quality are developed to conduct the research.

Practical significance: the results can be used to improve and develop a methodology for analyzing economic processes in the regional fishery complex, to justify the improvement of management mechanisms by the development of the fishery complex.

The purpose of the work: to investigate the provision of the domestic market with compound feeds for the cultivation of valuable fish species.

Materials and methods: official data published by the Federal State Statistics Service on pricing and volumes of production and import of feed were used in the work. The methods of extrapolation and system analysis made it possible to determine the prospects for the production of fish feed in Russia and the barriers that need to be overcome.

The results of the study. Proposals are given for the further development of the production of mixed fish feeds in the Russian Federation, taking into account the use of the scientific potential of branch science and state support measures. The forecast of the development of feed production until 2030 was made, on the basis of which the needs for compound feeds intended for the cultivation of high–value fish species — salmon, sturgeon, etc. were determined. Special attention is paid to the quality of feed as a result of improving the technology of their manufacture, the use of fishmeal, as well as concentrates of vegetable and animal origin. The market capacity has been determined in terms of the need for compound feeds for a long-term period, taking into account their possible export and import. At the same time, the main attention is paid to the production of domestic compound feeds, especially for the cultivation of high-value fish species currently purchased by import. The measures of state support aimed at the construction and modernization of enterprises for the production of feed for valuable fish species are proposed.

The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the results of the study in order to strengthen the leading positions of domestic feed mills and ensure decent competition of domestic feed with imported analogues.

The purpose of the work is to analyze the possibilities of implementing the principles of closed-loop economics in the fisheries industry of the Russian Federation, including for achieving national goals.

Methods: A SWOT analysis was carried out to assess the waste management situation in the specified industry and to identify the prerequisites for the introduction of the principles of the closed-cycle economy. Monographic, comparative and descriptive methods are used for analyzing of information sources.

Novelty: the identification of opportunities and threats for the formation of closed cycles of circulation of raw materials and waste in fisheries systems are the novelty elements of the presented research.

Results: the necessity of transition from a linear economy to a closed-loop economy in the analyzed industry  in the light of achieving the national goals of the Russian Federation is revealed, the necessary steps for this are shown. The conclusion is made about the significance of such a transition for the Russian Federation.

The results of the study are of practical significance both for biologists, managers, economists, and for the business community.

The purpose of the work is a commercial and biological assessment of basic invertebrate species and other aquatic organisms in the northern regions of the Sea of Japan. Studies provide current characteristics of many commercial populations of bottom hydrobionts inhabiting depths of 24–611m.

The material and methods are standard for fisheries research in Russia. Materials were collected in 29.04.-01.06.2022, in bottom trawl survey. The main objects of Decapoda research are commercial species of crabs and shrimps, as well as other species of hydrobionts.

The new data revealed the following: 1) among crabs, the commercial stock increased slightly everywhere in Paralithodes camtschaticus, but it also decreased everywhere in P. platypus and Chionoecetes opilio, and in the crab Erimacrus isenbeckii, there was a significant increase only in Western Sakhalin; 2) among shrimps, the commercial stock increased everywhere in Pandalus borealis and P. hypsinotus, and in P. goniurus increased in the north of the Primorye subzone, but decreased in Western Sakhalin; 3) the biological condition and stock   of other commercial invertebrates and fish of the bottom complex was satisfactory or a slight increase in their numbers was noted.

The practical significance of the research is to provide fishing and biological information for annual prognostic materials on the total allowable catches of bottom commercial species of hydrobionts for the areas of the northern part of the Sea of Japan.

The purpose of the work carried out is to quantify the abundance of the Baikal omul within the four fishing areas of Lake Baikal (Selenginsky shallow water, Northern Baikal, the Small Sea, Barguzin Bay), to build maps  of the spatial distribution of fish concentrations in the surveyed waters.

The data collection and processing method is based on hydroacoustic survey, during which echo signals are recorded in the vertical direction along the route of the ship along a pre-planned transects. To calculate the values of surface densities along the survey transects, the echo integration method was used. When calculating surface density values, data from control catches are used. The Kriging geostatistical interpolator was used to numerically estimate the stocks of omul and its distribution within the surveyed water areas.

New data have showed that in the main fishing area of Lake Baikal, the Selenginsky shallow water, there was   a high abundance of juvenile omul, less than 22 cm in size of the 2018 generation and younger. In the areas    of the Small Sea and the Barguzin Bay, no significant accumulations of fish were recorded. In Northern Baikal, the abundance and biomass of the omul was comparable to the results of 2021.

The practical significance of the research results is the quantitative assessment of the omul stocks and its distribution in the fishing areas of Lake Baikal in order to predict its stocks.