The aim of this paper is the retrospective analysis of quantitative characteristics of roe coverage on natural spawning grounds of Okhotsk herring within the sublittoral macrophyte belt in the main part of its spawning range (the northwestern coast of the Sea of Okhotsk within Khabarovsk Krai).

Methods. The main data collecting method were the specialized SCUBA roe surveys on the spawning ground, carried out uniformly in the same areas in 2008-2020.

As results, spawning grounds total area interannual dynamics, annual amount of roe deposited on macrophytes, and spawning stock estimates, calculated by these indicators according to the generalized data were analyzed. The temporal and spatial dynamics of the local spawning areas, roe density and mass ratios on macrophytes were analyzed. It was found that the amount of roe laid by herring is associated with a strongly pronounced power dependence with the area of local spawning grounds (y = 0.41x² + 3.27x + 0.46, R² = 0.87, F = 1182.8, p < 0.0001). At the same time, the amount of roe turned out to be weakly related to the density of its laing (R² = 0.14) and the mass fraction of roe on macrophytes (R² = 0.25). Test calculations of the amount of laid roe using the equation of dependence on the area of local spawning grounds showed a high similarity of the results (rs = 0.94) with the calculations by the standard method (using indicators of area and roe density). Therefore, deposited roe quantity is suggested to be calculated from the equation of its relationship with the spawning grounds area estimates. It has been found that roe densities and mass fractions are relatively evenly distributed over depth and latitude.

Conclusion. The revealed patterns can be used to rationalize roe survey and for the herring stock assessment.

The aim of work is to analyze the features of previtellogenic oocyte resorption in cyclostomes and fish.

The method used is a generalization of our own and literature data.

Novelty. For the first time, the data on the resorption of previtellogenic oocytes have been systematized.

Results. According to the accumulated data, oocytes of this period are resistant to external influences and do not undergo resorption even before the immediate death of the experimental fish. At the same time, the facts of resorption of individual oocytes are well known and are associated with their initial non-viability. At the first stage of destruction, such cells are distinguished by an intense color — pycnomorphic cells, and at the final stage they disintegrate into separate fragments. External influence and the associated energy deficit only accelerates the destruction of such cells. When studying juveniles of salmonids of all species, numerous facts of loss of shape by previtellogenic oocyte were revealed. Since the destruction of such cells does not occur, and no further decrease in their number is observed, it can be assumed that such compression is an artifact of histological processing. At the same time, mass resorption of previtellogenic oocyte has been described and is the initial stage of either the formation of the value of absolute fecundity during the transition to another life form, or a reduction in the number of individuals in a species with cyclical population dynamics.

Practical significance. The results of the analysis will give the authors a basis from different positions to consider the facts of changes in the shape of previtellogenic oocytes during both experimental and field studies. It can be assumed that external extreme, but relatively short-term impact on juvenile fish during previtellogenesis will not lead to a change in the value of absolute fecundity.

Purpose of the work: finding patterns in the formation of the abundance of large-scale commercial fish in the Far Eastern seas and adjacent areas of the open part of the Pacific Ocean, identifying abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic factors affecting the number of fish.

Methods used: to solve the set goal from 1937 to 2020. analyzed data on biomass, catch and productivity of generations of 38 groups of marine fish. Within the framework of the discovery of the initial factors that have a potential effect on the biomass of aquatic organisms, long-term data on the variability of the natural environment were used. To determine the strength of the relationship between environmental factors and the abundance of fish, it was for the first time proposed to use the maximum information coefficient (MIC), the calculations of which were made using the R programming language and the Minerva package.

Novelty: the elements of novelty are the identified relationships between the abundance of fish and certain environmental factors through the use of MICs, which can be used for forecasting purposes. The results of the study showed that the highest values of the abundance of aquatic organisms were formed mainly by generations of high abundance with a frequency of 6–13 years (3–7 years for Pacific salmon). Due to the regional impact of abiotic and other factors in the dynamics of individual units of fish stocks within species, a different cyclicality was revealed. Among 15 environmental factors closely related to the abundance of fish, the determining factors were the water temperature in various horizons (from the surface to the bottom), ice cover, phytoplankton bloom, and the biomass of various fractions and species of zooplankton. At the same time, the influence of fishing on the number of studied fish at the present stage is insignificant.

Practical significance: the method for predicting catches used in this work by taking into account the interaction of abiotic and other environmental factors and the discovered patterns in the frequency of formation of the abundance of marine fish will increase the efficiency of using their raw material base.

The aim of this article is to forecast of the Russian catch of the Baltic herring Clupea harengus membras for the next decade has been carried out. The necessity of this study is primarily due to socio-economic factors: the modernization of the fishing industry of the Kaliningrad region, increasing the volume of catches and processing of herring, capacity planning of fishing and fish processing companies in the region in the coming years. The stocks of commercial fish species in the Baltic Sea are transboundary. Scientific cooperation between the Baltic countries of the European Union and the Russian Federation is carried out in an international scientific organization dealing with the problems of complex study and exploitation of biological resources of the seas and oceans — the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) in the framework of international regulation of fishing and fishing of aquatic biological resources in the Baltic Sea. At present, there is a tendency towards a decrease in the herring stock, including in connection with the changes that have occurred in the ecosystem of the Baltic.

Methods used: the forecast is based on three scenario calculations using a proven at the international level within the software ICES MFDP (Multi Fleet Deterministic Projection). Long-term series of biostatistical data by age group were used. The biological reference points recommended by ICES, fishing mortality, and the boundary reference point for spawning biomass were used to assess the possible catch.

Novelty: such a long-term forecasting of the Russian catch for Baltic herring has not been performed before.

Result: we obtained the possible values of the spawning stock biomass to 2030 and the Russian catches of herring in the Baltic Sea until 2029 in the current conditions of a decrease in the size of the herring stock below precautionary approach, gradually approaching the lower reference point.

Practical significance: long-term forecast of herring catch in the Russian zone can serve as guidelines for fishing organizations when planning the sustainability of production indicators until 2030.

The aim of the work is to conduct research to assess the natural reproduction of fish in the channel zone of the Oka River in the summer of 2019 within the boundaries of the Ryazan region.

Methods used: when collecting material on the ramp of fish larvae, the method of drift accounting using ichthyoplankton traps was used. Novelty: for the first time during the period of ichthyological studies in the middle course of the Oka, accounting surveys were conducted to assess the species diversity of fish at early stages of development.

Based on the results of accounting for early juvenile fish during the period of rolling migrations, the species structure and quantitative indicators of the concentration (ex./100m3 ) of ichthyoplankton in the river drift were established. The issue of the occurrence of individual species and ecological groups of early juvenile fish is considered depending on the hydrological indicators of river biotopes of the riverbed, compared with the results of previous studies conducted on the upper reaches of the Oka River in 2015. The interrelation of the species structure and the size of catches with the flow velocity and depth of setting of ichthyoplankton traps is shown.

Practical significance: based on the species structure and quantitative indicators of ichthyoplankton concentration in the river drift, it is possible to predict the dynamics of the number of commercial fish species in the mold and rolling areas of the middle Oka River.

The aim of the paper is to identify current trends in oceanographic conditions of the Barents Sea.

The material for the study was the data obtained during surveys in the Barents Sea by PINRO. As well as other available information on hydrometeorological conditions of the Barents Sea was used.

Methods of descriptive statistics as well as comparative, correlation and regression analyses were applied.

Results: An overview of meteorological (storm activity, air temperature) and oceanographic (sea water temperature and salinity, areas of water masses, ice coverage) conditions of the Barents Sea in 2016–2020 is presented. The period from 2016 to 2020 is characterized as warm, low-ice, fresh and with increased storm activity. Since the record warm year of 2016, there has been a declining trend in water and air temperatures as well as in the area occupied by warm Atlantic waters in the Barents Sea, while an increasing trend has been observed in the sea ice extent and areas of Arctic and cold bottom waters in the recent years. At the same time, for the investigated period, storm activity remained stably high, and salinity was still at a low level.

Practical significance: The obtained results of the analysis of the Barents Sea oceanographic conditions are useful for better understanding the processes occurring in the sea ecosystem and possible scenarios for their development, especially in the context of current global climate changes in this region, being of great importance for the fishing industry.

Objective: to determine the area of the Barents Sea, the variability of which annual sea surface temperature (SST) has a high level of statistical correlation with that in the layers 0–50 and 0–200 m in the Kola Section, which crosses the flow of Atlantic waters of the Murmansk current.

Using methods: analysis of water temperature data for presence of trends, cyclic components, correlation and regression analysis, calculations of statistical characteristics were performed using MS Excel 2007 package. To study the frequency structure of interannual water temperature fluctuations, the spectral analysis implemented in the software package “AutoSignal” was used.

Novelty: The 1951–2017 data revealed a polygon in the southwestern part of the Barents Sea with coordinates 71–73° N and 31–33° E, where mean SST has a high correlation with sea water temperature of the 0–50 m layer on the Kola Section (r = 0.92). This allows the surface temperature to be used to estimate its interannual variability and to recover data gaps on the section.

Result: spectral compositions of water temperature variations of the Atlantic genesis water, obtained by different methods, have insignificant differences in all frequency ranges, that determines their close correlation. Over the considered 67-year time range in 90 % of cases SST anomalies on the identified polygon and average temperature in the 0–50 m layer on the Kola Section coincided by sign, and in 81 % of years their difference in absolute value is not exceed 0.3 °C. Since 1996, during the period of modern warming of sea waters during 22 years, the temperature deviations from the norms on the polygon and on section were only positive, and the difference of anomalies was less than 0.2 °C.

Practical significance: Using SST data in a selected section of the Barents Sea, it is possible to restore water temperature gaps in the Kola Section, analyze the features of its inter-annual variability and predict the dynamics of the sea climate.

Purpose of the study: to trace the qualitative and quantitative, seasonal and annual changes in phytoplankton in the strait Pechakovskaya Salma of the Onega Bay of the White Sea (the Solovetsky Islands) for the period 2001–2016.

Methods used: according to 16 years of research, a comparative floristic analysis of the plankton community is presented. Based on this analysis, biological indices were calculated and statistical analysis was carried out.

Up-to-dateness: long-term multifaceted studies of phytoplankton have never been conducted in this area before.

The result: the presented paper summarizes the results of long-term seasonal studies of phytoplankton in the Proliv Pechakovskaya Salma for the period 2001–2016. The temperature of the surface layer in this area varied significantly by seasons and years. Salinity was consistently high throughout the study period. 363 microalgae taxa belonging to eight divisions were found in the Proliv Pechakovskaya Salma. Based on the abundance of all detected microalgae species, indices were calculated: to assess the structure and smoothing of the community — the Shannon index, to determine the species richness — the Menhinick index, to assess the general similarity degree of phytocenoses — the Koch biotic dispersion index (IBD). The long-term mean of the abundance, biomass and concentration of chlorophyll-a amounted to 17.34 million cells / m³, 240.72 mg / m³ and 0.60 mg / m³, respectively. The average annual indicator of primary production for the entire research period was 22.13 mg C / m³·day with a minimum of 8.25 mg C / m³·day in 2003 and a maximum of 48.93 mg C / m ³ day in 2012. The phytoplankton community of the Pechakovskaya Salma showed the highest production activity during the hydrological summer and autumn, although for the White Sea, the production maxima of phytoplankton are typical for hydrological spring.

Practical significance: in the investigated area, anthropogenic influence on phytoplankton vital activity indicators was not revealed in 2001–2016, which makes it possible to use the obtained characteristics of planktonic algocenoses as background for comparison with other areas of the sea in the area of the Solovetsky Islands.

The aim of this work is to analyze the impact on crab traps’ selective properties of the use of a selective device that employs openings (“windows”) in fish netting. These “windows” are formed using sewn-in wire rings located in the lower part of net sides, and are used for escape of non-commercial crab.

Methods used: Trap lines were set in the Barents Sea nearshore zone, within the 160–255 m depth range. Both types of traps, with the selective windows and without, were included in each line. The lines were taken onboard following 1 to 14 overboard days. All catch was counted and measured. The catch results of both standard and selective traps were compared and analyzed.

Feature of novelty: Kamchatka crab fishery in the Barents Sea with the use of selective traps have never been performed before, and no application results of such selective device have been estimated yet.

The conclusion: The performed studies proved the efficiency of the selective windows in reduction of non-commercial crab catches. The studies revealed the positive correlation between the average carapace width of the crabs caught and the selective window diameter. This confirms the potential for reduction of small-sized crab catch when using selective windows of a given size.

Practical significance: the use of the selective windows will increase the trap fishing efficiency and reduce catch sorting times as well as the amount of small-sized crab exposed to the adverse factors.

The aim: of this work is to study the composition and properties of brown algae biologically active substances (BAS).

Result: A review of the data published by foreign and Russian authors on the composition and properties of brown algae BAS, as well as the data of the article authors on BAS of algae from White and Barents Seas, is presented. Brown algae of families Laminariales and Fucales (Phaeophyceae) are considered sources of natural biologically active substances.

Novelty: New data are presented that sulfated polysaccharides — fucoidans, as well as alginates, polyphenols and other substances with various bioactive properties, with antiviral and anticoagulant potentials, have a positive effect on human health.

Practical significance: Recommendations for the use of algae directly in food, for obtaining therapeutic and prophylactic, medical products, pharmaceuticals, SFP, FFP, dietary supplements are shown. Their possible use is recommended as a remedy for the treatment of lung cancer and other tumors, diabetes and in the complex therapy of influenza and COVID-19.

Methods used: Data on the composition and properties of biologically active substances (BAS) of brown algae are given with the involvement of a review of foreign and domestic, published works and the results of our own research. During the research, modern instrumental methods were used.

The purpose of the work is to develop and substantiate the ways of development and options for managing the economy of the fishery complex.

The monographic methods used, the method of scientific abstraction, logical and system analysis made it possible to determine the high coordination potential of the RHC management system, the formation of which requires appropriate organizational efforts.

An element of novelty — the functioning and dynamics of the further development of the fishery complex (FHC) in modern conditions will largely be determined by the improvement of the management mechanism, the timely introduction of new organizational forms that meet the times. heterogeneity: when forming a cluster, either functional features, or financial capabilities, or industry affiliation, or territorial location are taken into account.

The practical significance lies in the possibility of using such new forms of management organization as clusters and platforms from the point of view of their potential for solving the tasks of the RCS. The prospect of using the platform model with the participation of the RHC in the international division of labor and trade and industrial cooperation is considered in more detail.

The aim of the work is to reveal the impact of the institutional environment created by digitalization on the transformation of control in the fisheries complex, as well as the impact of these changes on the methodological aspects of accounting and control.

The monographic methods used, the method of scientific abstraction, logical and system analysis made it possible to identify the features of control in the digital environment, to characterize on-farm control systems that more effectively perform feedback functions and coincide with state control in time.

An element of novelty is the development of a methodology for the transformation of control provided by digital accounting technologies that have a multi-purpose purpose. They can be used in fishing, in scientific research, in making managerial decisions in economic and public administration.

The results of the study are the methodological basis for the formation of on-farm control systems in the structures of the fisheries complex in a digital environment, which allows to exclude the loss of aquatic biological resources and ensures efficiency in decision-making and actions.

The practical significance consists in the organization of control systems of different levels of management in a single information space with the preservation of information for all users. The use of satellite technologies and communications for monitoring makes it possible to quickly identify IUU fishing, increase the efficiency of fishing and fulfill the tasks of the Development Strategy of the Russian Fisheries Complex.

The purpose of the research is to assess the stock and biological condition of commercial invertebrate species and other aquatic organisms on the shelf of Western Kamchatka. The results contributing to characterize the current state of commercial populations of bottom and bottom hydrobionts living at depths of 14–303 m are presented.

Data collection methods are traditional for fisheries research, the data were obtained during the annual bottom trawl survey in June-July 2021. In the area of work, the basic objects of study were the red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) and of the southern Tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi).

New knowledge gained as a result of direct accounting showed the following: 1) in the Kamchatka-Kuril subzone, the stock of P. camtschaticus is in an uncertain state, close to unsatisfactory, and the number of C. bairdi has reached the highest values over the past decade; 2) in the West Kamchatka subzone, the stock of P. camtschaticus was satisfactory, with the exception of the southern part of the subzone, where low catches of this species were noted; 3) the biological condition and stock of other commercial invertebrates and fish of the bottom complex was satisfactory.

The practical significance of the presented research results is to provide annual prognostic materials on the total allowable catches of bottom commercial species of hydrobionts for the shelf areas of Western Kamchatka.

The purpose of these studies is to form the scientific foundations for effective management of the salmon industry in the Russian Far East.

Methods used: research work was carried out in accordance with the standard methods used in the fisheries research.

Novelty: work in this area is being carried out for the first time in the last decade.

The results of the study the downstream migration of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, carried out in the R. Savushkina Island Paramushir Northern Kuril Islands (Sakhalin Region) in the spring-summer period. In total, 18 catches were carried out at night. The data on the daily dynamics of the downstream migration intensity are presented. It was noted that the maximum number of juveniles rolled down in the first two hours of a new day, which corresponded to astronomical midnight. The indices of the size-mass characteristics of down-stream migrants of pink salmon did not change over the entire observation period. The work provides a brief description of the river. Measurements of temperature indicators were taken every hour (from 21:00 to 06:00) during the actual work. At the end of May, the water temperature did not exceed 3 ºС, water warming up above 5 ºС at night was observed only by the third decade of June. The river flow rate was determined immediately before the start of the research. Fluctuations in the river flow rate ranged from 0,175 m/s to 0,662 m/s, and depended directly on the tidal currents and the level of precipitation.

Practical significance: he results of the comprehensive work carried out in 2021 will be used to account for the abundance of Pacific salmon and their rational use, as well as in the preparation of forecasts of the recommended volume of harvest (catch) of the investigated units of aquatic biological resources in the coming years.