Towards a method for determining the age of chum salmon
https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2024-197-36-42
Abstract
The purpose of the work is to perform a quantitative comparative analysis of the structure and size of annual rings of chum salmon scales to prepare a methodological manual for determining age. The research material included scale preparations from 493 chum salmon producers of different ages, on which sclerites were counted and the diameter of annual rings was measured.
Methods used: comparative data analysis, descriptive statistics methods.
Results: it was found that the size of the scales, the size of each of the annual rings, as well as the number of sclerites in the annual rings of male and female chum salmon within each age group do not differ. The number of sclerites forming each annual ring, as well as the radius of the rings, varies significantly among different individuals. With age, as the length and mass of fish increase, the size of the scales naturally increases. Moreover, an acceleration in the growth rate is observed during the year preceding puberty. As a result, the number of sclerites in the last annual ring, as well as the size of this ring in fish that reach sexual maturity is always greater than in fish of the same age, but remaining in the sea to continue feeding.
Practical significance: the presented article is a scientific accompaniment of a methodological manual for the practical determination of the age of chum salmon by scales.
About the Authors
A. N. Elnikov
Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography («VNIRO»)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Andrej N. Elnikov
19, Okruzhnoy proezd, Moscow, 105187
O. V. Zelennikov
St-Petersburg State University («SPbSU»)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Oleg V. Zelennikov
7/9, Universitetskaya embankment, St-Petersburg, 199034
References
1. Birman I. B. 1968. Some features of linear growth and scale structure of pacific salmon // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 64. P. 9–34. (In Russ.).
2. Goryainov A. A., Lysenko A. V., Shatilina T. A. 2008. Sexually mature two-year-olds (0.1) chum salmon from the bay Peter the Great (Primorsky Krai) // Bul. No. 3 «Concepts of the Far East Basin Program for the Study of Pacific Salmon». P. 75–78. (In Russ.).
3. Elnikov A. N., Zelennikov O. V. 2023 a. On the fecundity of the chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta of the commercial herd near Iturup Island // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 203. № 4. (In Russ.).
4. Elnikov A . N. , Zelennikov O. V. 2023 б. On the state of the commercial herd of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta and forecasting its abundance near Itupup Island // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 203. № 1. P. 58–74. (In Russ.).
5. Zaporozhets G. V., Zaporozhets O. M. 2011. Salmon farming in foreign countries of the Nor th Pacific region // Research of aquatic biological resources of Kamchatka and the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean. V. 22. Р. 28–48. (In Russ.).
6. Zelennikova O. V., Myakishevb M. S., Vorozhtsovab A . A ., Martynovaa A. S., Sedunov P. A. Comparative analysis of naturaland hatchery-origin chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta (Salmonidae) spawners identified in mixed stock with otolith marking // Voprosy ikhtiologii. V. 63. № 4. P. 418–425. (In Russ.).
7. Kaev A. M. 1981. Age and growth of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaim) of Iturup Island // Voprosy ikhtiologii. V. 21. № 6. P. 1023–1089. (In Russ.).
8. Kaev A . M. 2003. Peculiarities of chum salmon reproduction in connection with its size and age structure. YuzhnoSakhalinsk: SakhNIRO Publish. 287 р. (In Russ.).
9. Kaev A.M., Ignatiev Yu.I. 2013. Methodological aspects of forecasting the number of chum salmon of hatchery origin in the Sakhalin region // Bul. No. 8 «Concepts of the Far East Basin Program for the Study of Pacific Salmon». P. 78–82. (In Russ.).
10. Klovach N. V. 2003. Ecological consequences of large-scale farming of chum salmon. Moscow: VNIRO Publish. 164 с. (In Russ.).
11. Kovtun A. A. 1983. Structure of scales of autumn chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta (Walb.) (Salmonidae) from the rivers of Sakhalin // Voprosy ikhtiologii. V. 23. № 6. P. 927–932. (In Russ.).
12. Leman V. N. Smirnov, B. P. Tochilina T. G. 2015. Pasture salmon farming in the Far East: current state and existing problems // Trudy VNIRO. V. 153. P. 105–120. (In Russ.).
13. Pravdin I. F. 1966. Manual for the study of fishes. Moscow: Food industry. 374 p. (In Russ.).
14. Sviridov V. V., Temnykh O. S., Zavolokin A . V., Panchenko E. A ., Putivkin S. V. 2004. Interannual dynamics of biological parameters and scale structure of Anadyr chum salmon // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 139. Р. 61–77. (In Russ.).
15. Khovansky I. E. 2005. Ecological, physiological and biotechnological factors of salmon farming efficiency: Using the example of artificial breeding of Pacific salmon on the Northern coast of the Sea of Okhotsk. Avtoref. dis. … dokt. biol. nauk. Khabarovsk. 48 pp. (In Russ.).
16. Chugunova N. I. 1959. A manual for the study of age and growth of fish. Moscow: AS of the USSR Publishing house. 164 p. (In Russ.).
17. Clutter R. I., Whitesel L. E. 1956. Collection and interpretation of sockeye salmon scales // Int. Pacific Salmon Fish. Comm. 9. 159 p.
18. Kobayashi T. 1961. Biology of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta (Walb.) by the growth formula of scale // Sci. Rep. Hokkaido Salmon Hatchery. V. 16. P. 1–102.
19. Salo E.0. 1991. Life history of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) // Pacific salmon life histories / Groot C. , Margolis L. , eds. UBC Press, Vancouver, British Columbia. P. 233–309.
Review
For citations:
Elnikov A.N., Zelennikov O.V. Towards a method for determining the age of chum salmon. Trudy VNIRO. 2024;197:36-42. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2024-197-36-42
Email this article 