Diet of the snow crab in the Barents Sea and macrozoobenthic communities in the area of its distribution
https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2018-172-70-90
Abstract
In recent decades the snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) has been spreading in the eastern part of the Barents Sea and the adjacent areas of the Kara Sea. Hydrological conditions for most of the Barents Sea are very close to optimum for the snow crab, there are large areas of suitable habitat and abundant sources of food. Therefore, better understanding of trophic interactions between the snow crab and native benthic fauna is important to assess any potential impacts on the ecosystem and to enable the rational management of fisheries resources in the eastern Barents Sea. This paper investigates the snow crab diet and its feeding intensity in the Barents Sea. Data shows that the snow crab has very wide ration that includes almost all kinds of benthic invertebrates in the Barents Sea. There is a difference in the diet of females and males, juveniles and adults. Juveniles and females prefer shallow areas with communities of bivalve mollusks, males live deeper on slopes and depressions where polychaetes and crustaceans are the most abundant group. Stomach contents are analyzed to determine the species composition and the frequency of occurrence for various benthic taxa. Consumption of food was estimated and compared with data from the Russian seas of Pacific region. Total annual grazing of macrozoobenthos by the snow crab is calculated for its current distribution in the Barents Sea. Snow crab consumes at least 30 thousand tons of benthos annually, which amounts to 0.1–0.2% of the total macrozoobenthos biomass of the investigated area. Population of the snow crab provides the largest impact on the benthic communities in the north-eastern part of the Barents Sea and near the south side of the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago.
About the Authors
D. V. Zakharov
Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (FSBSI «PINRO»)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Murmansk
I. E. Manushin
Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (FSBSI «PINRO»)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Murmansk
N. A. Strelkova
Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (FSBSI «PINRO»)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Murmansk
V. A. Pavlov
Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (FSBSI «PINRO»)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Murmansk
T. B. Nosova
Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (FSBSI «PINRO»)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Murmansk
References
1. Andreev V.L. 1980. Klassifikatsionnye postroeniya v ehkologii i sistematike [Classification in ecology and taxonomy]. M.: Nauka. 142 s.
2. Bakanev S.V. 2015. Rasselenie i otsenka vozmozhnogo areala kraba-striguna (Chionoecetes opilio) v Barentsevom more [Dispersion and assessment of possible distribution of snow crab opilio (Chionoecetes opilio) in the Barents Sea] // Printsipy ehkologii. T. 4. № 3. S. 27–39.
3. Bakanev S.V. 2017. Perspektivy promysla kraba-striguna Chionoecetes opilio v Barentsevom more [Prospects snow crab Chionoecetes opilio fishery in the Barents Sea] // Voprosy rybolovstva. T. 18. № 3. S. 286–303.
4. Kun M. S., Mikulich L. V. 1954. Sostav pishchi Dal’nevostochnykh promyslovykh krabov v letnij period [Food composition of Far Eastern commercial crabs at summer] // Izvestiya TINRO. T. 41. S. 21–42.
5. Manushin I. E. 2003. Kharakteristika potrebleniya pishchi kamchatskim krabom v Barentsevom more [Characteristics of food consumption by red king crab in the Barents Sea] // Kamchatskij krab v Barentsevom more. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. Murmansk: Izd-vo PINRO. S. 189–202.
6. Manushin I. E. 2008. Srednyaya massa osobi kak pokazatel’ skorosti oborota veshchestva v populyatsiyakh vodnykh ehktotermnykh zhivotnykh [The average mass of an individual as an indicator of the speed of matter turnover in populations of aquatic ectothermic animals] // Mat. X nauch. seminara «Chteniya pamyati K.M. Deryugina». SPb.: KopiServis. S. 29–34.
7. Metodicheskoe posobie po izucheniyu pitaniya i pishchevykh otnoshenij ryb v estestvennykh usloviyakh [Methodical manual on the study of nutrition and food relations of fish in vivo]. 1974. M.: Nauka. 254 s.
8. Nadtochij V. A., Chuchukalo V. I., Koblikov V. N. 2001. Pitanie kraba-striguna Chionoecetes opilio v Anadyrskom zalive Beringova morya v osennij period [On the feeding of snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) in the Anadyr Bay in the Bering sea] // Izvestiya TINRO. T. 128. S. 432–435.
9. Nizyaev S.A., Fedoseev V. Ya. 1994. Prichiny reduktsii chislennosti pokoleniya kraba i ikh otrazhenie v ego reproduktivnoj strategii [The reasons for the reduction in the number of crab generation and their reflection in its reproductive strategy] // Rybokhozyajstvennye issledovaniya v Sakhalino-Kuril’skom rajone i sopredel’nykh akvatoriyakh. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk: Kn. izd-vo. S. 57–67.
10. Nizyaev S.A., Bukin S.D., Klitin A.K., Perveeva E.R., Abramova E.V., Krutchenko A.A. 2006. Posobie po izucheniyu promyslovykh rakoobraznykh dal’nevostochnykh morej Rossii [The manual for the study of commercial crustaceans of the Far Eastern seas of Russia]. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk: SakhNIRO. 114 s.
11. Nosova T. B. 2016. Pitanie kraba-striguna opilio Chionoecetes opilio v Karskom more v letnij period 2014 g. [Feeding of snow crab Chionoecetes opilio in the Kara Sea at summer 2014] // Morskie biologicheskie issledovaniya: dostizheniya i perspektivy. Sb. mat. Vseros. nauch. — prakt. konf. s mezhdunar. uchastiem k 145-letiyu Sevastop. biol. st. T. 1. Sevastopol’, 19.09–24.09.2016 g. Sevastopol’: EHKOSI-Gidrofizika. S. 227–230.
12. Pavlov V. A. 2007. Pitanie kraba-striguna opilio Chionoecetes opilio (Fabricius, 1788) v Barentsevom more [Feeding of snow crab Chionoecetes opilio (Fabricius, 1788) in the Barents Sea] // Trudy VNIRO. T. 147. S. 99–107.
13. Zakharov D. V., Strelkova N. A., Luybin P. A., Manushin I.E. 2016. Macrozoobenthos communities in the areas of the snow crab distribution in the Barents and Kara seas. Krab-strigun opilio Chionoecetes opilio v Barentsevom i Karskom moryakh [Snow crab Chionoecetes opilio in the Barenrs and Kara Seas]. Murmansk: Izd-vo PINRO. S. 59–74.
14. Sushchenya L.M. 1975. Kolichestvennye zakonomernosti pitaniya rakoobraznykh [Quantitative Patterns and Nutrition of Crustaceans]. Minsk: Nauka i tekhnika. 208 s.
15. Tankovskaya (Nosova) T.B., Pavlov V.A. 2014. Pitanie kraba-striguna Chionoecetes opilio v vostochnoj chasti Barentseva moray [Feeding of snow crab Chionoecetes opilio in the Eastern Barents Sea] // Problemy i perspektivy razvitiya rybokhozyajstvennogo kompleksa na sovremennom ehtape. Tez. dokl. I mezhdunar. konf. mol. uche-nykh PINRO. Murmansk, 22.10–24.10.2014 g. Murmansk: Izd-vo PINRO. S. 144–146.
16. Tarverdieva M. I. 1981. O pitanii krabov-strigunov Chionoecetes opilio i Chionoecetes bairdi v Beringovom more [About feeding of snow crabs Chionoecetes opilio and Chionoecetes bairdi in the Bering Sea] // Zoologicheskij zhurnal. T. 60, vyp. 7. S. 991–997.
17. Tarverdieva M.I. 2001. Pitanie promyslovykh vidov krabov, obitayushchikh na shel’fakh dal’nevostochnykh morej [Feeding of crab commercial species inhabiting the Far Eastern Seas shelfs] // Issledovaniya biologii promyslovykh rakoobraznykh i vodoroslej morej Rossii. M.: Izd-vo VNIRO. S. 148–156.
18. Chuchukalo V. I., Nadtochij V. A., Borilko O.YU., Kornejchuk I.A., Nuzhdenko S.A., Dolganova A.S. 2012. Sutochnyj pishchevoj ratsion i nekotorye cherty biologii kraba-striguna opilio Chionoecetes opilio v vesennij period [Daily ration and some biological features of snow crab Chionoecetes opilio in the Japan Sea in spring] // Izvestiya TINRO. T. 171. S. 226–232.
19. Chuchukalo V.I., Nadtochij V.A., Koblikov V.N., Borilko O. Yu. 2011 a. Pitanie i nekotorye cherty ehkologii massovykh promyslovykh vidov krabov v vodakh severozapadnoj chasti Yaponskogo morya v rannevesennij period [Feeding and some ecological features of mass commercial crab species from the northwestern Japan Sea in early spring] // Izvestiya TINRO. T. 166. S. 123–137.
20. Chuchukalo V. I., Nadtochij V. A., Fedotov P. A., Bezrukov R.G. 2011 b. Pitanie i nekotorye cherty biologii kraba-striguna opilio (Chionoecetes opilio) v Chukotskom more [Feeding and some biological features of snow crab Chionoecetes opilio in the Chukchi Sea] // Izvestiya TINRO. T. 167. S. 197–206.
21. Brêthes J.-C.F., Desrosiers G., Coulombe F. 1982. Food of the snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) from the southwestern part of the Gulf of St. Lawrence (Chaleur Bay area) // Alaska Sea Grant Report 82–10. P. 319–335.
22. Czeckanovski J. 1909. Zur differencial Diagnose der neandertalgruppe Korespbl // Dtch. Ges. Antropol. Bd. 40. P. 44–47.
23. Shannon C. E. 1948. A mathematical theory of communication // Bell System Technical Journal. Vol. 27. P. 379–423.
24. Squires H.J. 1990. Decapod Crustacea of the Atlantic coast of Canada // Can. Bull. Fish. Aquat. Sci. Ottawa. № 221. 532 p.
25. Squires H.J., Dawe E.G. 2003. Stomach contents of Snow Crab (Chionoecetes opilio, Decapoda, Brachyura) from the Northeast Newfoundland Shelf // J. of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science. V. 32. P. 27–38.
26. World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS). Accessible via: http://www.marinespecies.org/index.php. 10.02.2018.
Review
For citations:
Zakharov D.V., Manushin I.E., Strelkova N.A., Pavlov V.A., Nosova T.B. Diet of the snow crab in the Barents Sea and macrozoobenthic communities in the area of its distribution. Trudy VNIRO. 2018;172:70-90. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2018-172-70-90
Email this article 