Spatial distribution and functional structure of the snow crab area in the Northern part of the Okhotsk Sea
https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2018-172-27-48
Abstract
Based on the materials of two trawl surveys (1997 and 2000), two trap surveys (1992 and 2001) and 153 fishing trips (1992–2007), the distribution of snow crab Chionoecetes opilio in the northern part of the Okhotsk Sea was analyzed. A functional structure of the snow crab area was compiled on materials of distribution of size and gender groups supplemented by literature data. The center of the structure is reproduction zone — dense accumulations of females with eggs deposited on pleopods or already released larvae, located near the edge of the shelf. The pelagic larvae settled down in the upper part of the shelf, the zone at depths of up to 100 m, where the fry grows up to 2 years, after which they descend deeper into the zone of non-migrating juveniles. In this zone the crabs become mature and start ontogenetic migration towards the reproductive zone. During the migration the females pass terminal molt, mate and come in the reproductive zone with laying on pleopods eggs. Females live up to 6 years after terminal molt. Terminal molt of males occurs gradually, in small portions of total males. Over molted males slow down and stop migration. During the period from maturity to terminal molt, several molts of growth can pass. As a result, some males after the terminal molt remain in the zone of migration, part in the reproductive zone, part follow the feeding zone of commercial males, where the terminal molt occurs. This zone is the main fishing area. These males return to the reproductive zone shortly before death, 3–4 years after the terminal molting. This structure reduces the negative role of cannibalism in the early stages of development.
About the Authors
A. N. Karasev
Branch of T.F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University. (Branch of FSBSI «KuzSTU»)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Novokuznetsk
M. G. Karpinsky
Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (FSBI «VNIRO»)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
References
1. Bakanev S.V. 2015. Rasselenie i otsenka vozmozhnogo areala kraba-striguna (Chionoecetes opilio) v Barentsevom more [Dispersion and assessment of possible distribution of snow crab opilio (Chionoecetes opilio) in the Barents Sea] // Printsipy ehkologii. № 3. S. 27–39.
2. Vinogradov L. G. 1947. Desyatinogie rakoobraznye Okhotskogo morya [Decapoda of the Sea of Okhotsk] // Izvestiya TINRO. T. 25. S. 67–124.
3. Zimina O. L. 2014. Nakhodka kraba-striguna Chionoecetes opilio (O. Fabricius, 1788) (Decapoda: Majidae) v Karskom more [Finding of the snow crab Chionoecetes opilio (O. Fabricius, 1788) (Decapoda: Majidae) in the Kara Sea] // Biologiya morya. T. 40. № 6. S. 497–499.
4. Ivanov B. G., Sokolov V. I. 1997. Krab-strigun Chionoecetes opilio (Crustacea Decapoda, Brachyura Majidae) v Okhotskom i Beringovom moryakh [Snow crab Chionoecetes opilio (Crustacea Decapoda, Brachyura Majidae) in the Okhotsk and Bering seas] // Arthropoda Selecta. T. 6, vyp. 3–4. S. 63–86.
5. Karasev A. N. 2009. Lovushechnaya s”emka [Trap survey] // Informatsionnyj otchet o predvaritel’nykh re-zul’tatakh nauchno-issledovatel’skikh rabot po kompleksnomu izucheniyu biologicheskikh resursov Taujskoj guby v iyune 2009 g. Magadan: Arkhiv MagadanNIRO. S. 19–33.
6. Karasev A.N. 2014. Krab-strigun opilio severnoj chasti Okhotskogo morya (osobennosti biologii, zapasy, promysel) [Snow crab from the Northern part of the Okhotsk Sea (biology, stocks, fishery)]. FGUP «MagadanNIRO». Magadan: Novaya poligrafiya. 194 s.
7. Klaudsli-Tompson D. 1982. Migratsii zhivotnykh [Migrations of animals]. M.: Mir. 135 s.
8. Kraby-striguny 2018 (putinnyj prognoz) [Snow crab 2018 (the forecast for fishing season)] 2018. Vladivostok: TINRO-TSentr. 141 s.
9. Mikhajlov V.I., Bandurin K.V., Gornichnykh A.V., Karasev A. N. 2003. Promyslovye bespozvonochnye shel’fa i materikovogo sklona severnoj chasti Okhotskogo moray [Commercial invertebrates of shelf and continental slope of the Northern part of the Okhotsk Sea]. Magadan: MagadanNIRO. 284 s.
10. Moiseev S.I., Buyanovskij A.I., Moiseeva S.A. 2018. Opredelenie shirokopalosti u krabov-strigunov roda Chionoecetes v polevykh usloviyakh [Determination of the terminal molt of the snow and tanner crabs in the field] // Trudy VNIRO. T. 172. S. 6–26.
11. Otchet o rejse na NIS «TINRO» v Okhotskom more po otsenke biologicheskikh resursov v fevrale iyune 1998 g. [Report on the survey at the R/V “TINRO” in the Okhotsk Sea on the assessment of biological resources in February-June 1998.] 1998. Vladivostok: Arkhiv TINRO-Tsentra. 534 s.
12. Petryashov V.V., Sirenko B.I., Rakhor A., Khints K. 1993. Raspredelenie makrobentosa v more Laptevykh po materialam ehkspeditsij na g/s “Ivan Kireev” i l/k “Polarstern” v 1993 g. [The distribution of the macrobenthos in the Laptev Sea based on expeditions to «Ivan Kireev» and «Polarstern» in 1993.] // Nauchnye rezul’taty ehkspeditsii LAPEHKS-93. SPb: Gidrometeoizdat. S. 277–288.
13. Chernyavskij V.I., Zhigalov I.A., Matveev V.I. 1993. Okeanologicheskie osnovy formirovaniya zon vysokoj biologicheskoj produktivnosti [Okeanologic factors for the formation of high biological productivity zones] // Gidrometeorologiya i gidrokhimiya morej. T. 9. Okhotskoe more. Vyp. 2. SPb.: Gidrometeoizdat. S. 157–160.
14. Conan G., Comeau M. 1986. Functional maturity and terminal molt of male snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio // Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. Vol. 43. P. 1710–1719.
15. Conan G.Y., Starr M., Comeau M., Therriault J. — C., Maynou F.X., Hernandez, Robichaud G. 1996. Life history strategies, recruitment fluctuations, and management of the Bonne Bay fiord Atlantic snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) // High latitude crabs: Biology, management, and economics. Univ. of Alaska Sea, Grant AK-SG-96–02, Fairbanks. P. 59–97.
16. Comeau M., Conan G.Y., Maynou F., Robichaud G., Therriault J. — C., Starr M. 1998. Growth, spatial distribution, and abundance of benthic stages of the snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) in Bonne Bay, Newfoundland, Canada // Canadian J. of Fish. and Aquatic Sciences. 55 (1): 262–279. doi:1 0.1139/f97–255.
17. Comeau M., Conan G., Robichaud G., Jones A. 1991. Life history patterns and population fluctuations of snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio, in the fjord of Bonne Bay on the west coast of Newfoundland, Canada — from 1983 to 1990 // Can. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. No. 1817. 73 pp.
18. Fukataki H. 1969. Occurrence and distribution of planktonic larvae of edible crabs belonging to the genus Chionoecetes (Majidae, Brachyura) in the Japan Sea // Bull. Jap. Sea. Reg. Fish. Res. Lab. № 21. P. 35–54.
19. Ito K. 1970. Ecological studies on the edible crab, Chionoecetes opilio (O. Fabricius), in the Japan Sea. III. Age and growth as estimated on the basis of the seasonal changes in the carapace width frequencies and the carapace hardness // Bull. Jap. Sea. Reg. Fish. Res. Lab. № 22. P. 81–116.
20. Kobayashi K. 1983. On spawning and hatching of water tank bred zuwai crabs and the process of growth of this species from the larval stage to adulthood // Saibaigyogyo Gijutsukaihatsu Kenkya. Vol. 12(1). P. 35–45.
21. Kurata H. 1963. Larvae of Decapoda Crustacea of Hokkaido. II. Majidae // Bull. Hokk. Reg. Fish. Res. Lab. № 27. P. 25–31.
22. Lanteigne M. 1985. Distribution spatio-temporelle des larves de crabe appartenant aux genres Chionoecetes et Hyas, dans la baie des Chaleurs, Canada // M. Sc. Thesis, University of Moncton, Moncton. N.-B. 161 pp.
23. Lovrich G.A., Sainte-Marie B. 1997. Cannibalism in the snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio (O. Fabricius) (Brachyura: Majidae), and its potential importance to recruitment // J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. V. 211. P. 225–245.
24. Lovrich G.A., Sainte-Marie B., Smith B.D. 1995. Depth distribution and seasonal movements of Chionoecetes opilio (Brachyura: Majidae) in Baie Sainte-Marguerite, Gulf of Saint Lawrence // Can. J. Zool. Vol. 73. P. 1712–1726.
25. Motoh H. 1973. Laboratory-reared zoeae and megalopae of zuwai crab from the Sea of Japan // Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish. № 39. P. 1223–1230.
26. Ogata T. 1973. Studies on the population biology of the edible crab, Chionoecetes opilio O. Fabricius in the Japan Sea region // Kaiyo Kagaku (Mar. Sci. Mon.). V. 5(3). P. 27–33.
27. Sainte-Marie B., Carriere C. 1995. Fertilization of the second clutch of eggs of snow crabs, Chionoecetes opilio, from females mated once or twice after their molt to maturity // Fish. Bull. № 93 (4). P. 759–764.
28. Sainte-Marie G., Sainte-Marie B. 1999. Reproductive products in the adult snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio). II. Multiple types of sperm cells and of spermatophores in the spermatecae of mared females // Can. J. Zool. Vol. 77. P. 451–462.
29. Sainte-Marie B., Raymond S., Brêthes J.-C. 1995. Growth and maturation of the benthic stages of male snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio (Brachyura: Majidae) // Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. Vol. 52. P. 903–924.
30. Starr M., Therriault J.-C., Conan G.Y., Comeau M., Robichaud G. 1994. Larval release in a sub-euphotic zone triggered by sinking phytoplankton particles // J. Plank. Res. V. 16. P. 1137–1147.
31. Watson J. 1970. Maturity, mating, and egg laying in the spider crab, Chionoecetes opilio // J. Fish. Res. Board Can. Vol. 27. P. 1607–1616.
Review
For citations:
Karasev A.N., Karpinsky M.G. Spatial distribution and functional structure of the snow crab area in the Northern part of the Okhotsk Sea. Trudy VNIRO. 2018;172:27-48. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2018-172-27-48
Email this article 