Scientific substantiation of obtaining lipids from the ringed seal fat under the conditions of fishing in the territory of Arctic Yakutia
https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2021-185-105-112
Abstract
The article presents the problem of receiving and processing fat-containing raw materials from the covering fat of ringed seal (Phoca hispida) inhabiting the territory of Arctic Yakutia. The extreme weather and climatic conditions of Arctic Yakutia determine the high content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the covering fat of marine mammals. For the human body, these fatty acids are essential because PUFAs are local or tissue hormones that modulate the metabolism and activity of both the cell itself and its environment. A special feature of marine mammal and fish fat is the presence of PUFA acids with double bonds, which are not found in plant and animal lipids. Ringed seal is the most numerous and widespread type of marine animals on the territory of the Arctic Yakutia. The specific features of the chemical composition and bioactive properties of the seal blubber make it necessary to develop specific methods and technologies for fishing, harvesting and complex processing of this animal type in this territory. The duration of the season of negative temperatures (8 months a year) is a significant difficulty for commercial fishing of marine mammals in the territory of Yakutia. They were harvested only in the last century, but never on an industrial level. The seals were harvested for hides, fat and meat. Nowadays in Yakutia, the local population produces ringed seals by the piece, for personal purposes, and there is no commercial processing.
About the Authors
M. M. Ershova
Arctic State Technical University («AGATU»)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Yakutsk
A. V. Podkorytova
Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography («VNIRO»)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
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Review
For citations:
Ershova M.M., Podkorytova A.V. Scientific substantiation of obtaining lipids from the ringed seal fat under the conditions of fishing in the territory of Arctic Yakutia. Trudy VNIRO. 2021;185:105-112. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2021-185-105-112
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