Agricultural policy in the context of international sanctions

Abstract

The article considers the essence, directions and results of the agricultural policy carried out during the period of sanctions pressure from the European Union and the United States. The implementation of the agrarian policy did not allow us to achieve some of the indicators of the State Program for the Development of Agriculture. It provides for the achievement of food security as a result of an increase in domestic food production and import substitution in the agricultural market, as well as the formation of an exportoriented agricultural economy. Import substitution in the market can be carried out in two ways: the first is to increase the production and increase the competitiveness of domestic goods and the displacement of imported products from the domestic market; the second is to restrict the import of foreign goods on the basis of tariff (duties) and non-tariff (quotas, import licensing, embargoes) regulation, as well as the subsidy of Russian producers. Import substitution requires significant financial investments, and it depends on the resource provision of the State Program. The index of the physical volume of investments in the main capital of agriculture in 2019 compared to 2017 was 102.0%, with the planned 105.1%. Therefore, it is necessary to step up the attraction of domestic and foreign investments for the development of agro-industrial sectors. In the conditions of saturation of the domestic market with certain types of food, high competition and a decrease in the effective demand of the population, the possibilities of increasing production are limited. The growth of agricultural exports will contribute to the increase in the production of agricultural products.