Dynamics of natural polymorphism of Russian sturgeon in the Sea of Azov over a twenty-year period of using broodstock in artificial reproduction
https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2025-201-109-117
EDN: HXGWEE
Abstract
The aim is to assess the impact of using RBS Russian sturgeon on the level of genetic polymorphism in the released juveniles and on the dynamics of the allele composition of the population in the Sea of Azov.
Methods: Polymorphism analysis was carried out at five microsatellite (STR) loci (Afug41, An20, AoxD161, AoxD165, Afug51) on two samples of Russian sturgeon: I. individuals captured in the Sea of Azov in 1999-2003 (250 samples, offspring of «wild» broodstock) and II. individuals captured in 2020-2024 (250 samples, offspring of broodstock from established RBS).
Novelty: For the first time, comparative genetic analysis results are presented for archival (1999-2003) and contemporary (2020-2024) Russian sturgeon samples, along with an assessment of the temporal stability of the population’s genetic structure.
Results: Comparison of microsatellite data between the two samples (offspring of natural and artificially reproduced broodstock) showed that the mean number of alleles per locus did not change significantly over the 25‑year period. However, in the sample of offspring from artificial reproduction, the mean number of alleles per individual decreased slightly (by 2.41%), and the proportion of homozygotes was higher compared to the wild-origin offspring (0.07 vs. 0.05, respectively). These results indicate that allele diversity in the Azov population of Russian sturgeon remains at a stable level, although a slight increase in the inbreeding coefficient was observed.
Practical significance: The findings demonstrate the high efficiency of artificial reproduction in maintaining the natural genetic diversity of Russian sturgeon and can be applied in genetic monitoring at sturgeon hatcheries to ensure the long-term maintenance of offspring genetic heterogeneity.
About the Authors
A. Sh. Alimova
Azov-Black Sea branch of VNIRO («AzNIIRKH»);
D.I. Ivanovsky Academy of Biology and Biotechnology of Southern Federal University («AB&B SFEDU»)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
21 в, Beregovaya st., Rostov-on-Don, 344002;
194/1, Stachki Av., Rostov-on-Don, 344006
A. V. Usatov
Azov-Black Sea branch of VNIRO («AzNIIRKH»)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
21 в, Beregovaya st., Rostov-on-Don, 344002
N. A. Nebesikhina
D.I. Ivanovsky Academy of Biology and Biotechnology of Southern Federal University («AB&B SFEDU»)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
194/1, Stachki Av., Rostov-on-Don, 344006
N. S. Mugue
Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography («VNIRO»)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
19, Okruzhnoy proezd, Moscow, 105187
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Review
For citations:
Alimova A.Sh., Usatov A.V., Nebesikhina N.A., Mugue N.S. Dynamics of natural polymorphism of Russian sturgeon in the Sea of Azov over a twenty-year period of using broodstock in artificial reproduction. Trudy VNIRO. 2025;201:109-117. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36038/2307-3497-2025-201-109-117. EDN: HXGWEE
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