Oceanographic conditions of spring migration of European anchovy as a factor of formation of its spawning stock in the Sea of Azov

The aim of the work is to determine the influence of sea water circulation and temperature on the formation of the spawning stock of anchovy in the Sea of Azov.

Materials and methods: Fishery and biological data on the spawning stock of the Azov anchovy were collected in surveys and bioresources monitoring carried out by the Azov-Black Sea branch of the VNIRO («AzNIIRKH») in 2000–2021. Satellite sea level data were used in the analysis of sea water circulation. These data, as well as satellite information on sea surface temperature for March-June 2000–2021 for the north-eastern part of the Black Sea and the southern part of the Azov Sea were taken from the website of the Copernicus Marine Service information system. Graphical and statistical methods of analyzing multi-year changes in the data were used in the work. The novelty of the performed work lies in the study of oceanographic conditions of spring migration of anchovy to the Sea of Azov as factors determining the size of its spawning stock in this sea.

Result: intensive growth of the spawning stock of anchovy in the Sea of Azov was observed in 2008, 2010 and 2011. This was facilitated by: predominance of north-western geostrophic currents in the north-eastern part of the Black Sea in April 2008–2011, weakening of the Azov currents in the Kerch Strait in April 2007–2010 and predominance of the Black Sea currents in May 2004–2012, Decrease in the meridional gradient of water temperature in the Kerch Strait in April 2007–2010.

Practical significance: the possibility of using oceanographic information for April-May to predict the size of the spawning and commercial stock of anchovy in the Sea of Azov.

1. Aksyutina Z. M. 1968. Elements of mathematical evaluation of the results of observations in biological and fisheries research. M.: Food Industry. 288 p. (In Russ.)

2. Aleksandrov A. I. 1927. Anchovies of the Azov-Black Sea basin, their origin and taxonomic designations // Trudy Kerchenskoi nauchnoi rybokhozyaistvennoi stantsii. V. 1. No. 2–3. P. 37–99. (In Russ.)

3. Alexandrova U. N., Ignatenko A. S., Perevalov O. A., Attorney A. A., Rogov S. F., Leontiev S.Yu., Bondarenko M. V. 2016. The state of the raw material base in the Azov-Black Sea fisheries basin in 2013 and its use by fisheries // Trudy VNIRO. V.

4. P. 12–25. (In Russ.)

5. Babayan V. K., Bobyrev A. E., Bulgakova T. I., Vasiliev D. A., Ilyin O. I., Kovalev Yu.A., Mikhailov A. I., Mikheev A. A., Petukhova N. G., Safaraliev I. A., Chetyrkin A. A., Sheremetyev A. D. 2018. Methodological recommendations on the assessment of reserves of priority types of aquatic biological resources. Moscow: VNIRO Press. 312 p. (In Russ.)

6. Voikina A. V., Bugaev L. A., Kirichenko O. V., Tsybulskaya M. A., Ruzhinskaya L.P., Belousov V.N., Sergeeva S.G., Lisovskaya V.V., Mosesyan G. V. 2021. Seasonal dynamics of total lipid content in the body of anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the period 2017–2020 // Trudy AzNIIRKH. V. 3. P. 42–50. (In Russ.)

7. Zuev G. V. 2019.The modern population structure of the European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus L. (Engraulidae: Pisces) in the Black and Azov Seas and the history of its formation // Marine Ecological Journal. V. 4. No. 1. P. 45–62. (In Russ.)

8. Knysh V. V., Kubryakov A. I., Inyushina N. V., Korotaev G. K. 2008. Restoration of the climatic seasonal circulation of the Black Sea based on a model in σ coordinates using the assimilation of temperature and salinity data // Environmental safety of coastal and shelf zones and integrated use of shelf resources. No. 16. P. 243–265. (In Russ.)

9. Kozhurin E. A., Shlyakhov V. A., Gubanov E. P. 2018. Dynamics of catches of commercial fish of the Crimea in the Black Sea // Trudy VNIRO. V. 171. P. 157–169. (In Russ.)

10. Methods of fisheries and environmental research in the AzovBlack Sea basin: collection of scientific method. works’. 2005. / Volovik S. P., Korpakova I. G. eds. Krasnodar: FAF, AzNIIRKH. 351 p. (In Russ.)

11. Mirzoyan Z. A., Nadolinsky V. P., Martynyuk M. L., Nadolinsky R. V. 2023. Trophic foundations of the formation of anchovy reserves in the Sea of Azov // Aquatic bioresources and habitat. V. 6. No. 2. P. 78–96. (In Russ.)

12. Nadolinsky V. P., Nadolinsky R. V. 2018. Changes in the species composition and abundance of ichthyoplankton of the Azov and northeastern Black Seas over the period 2006–2017 under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors // Aquatic bioresources and habitat. V. 1. No. 1. P. 51–66. (In Russ.)

13. Nadolinsky V.P., Nadolinsky R.V. 2020. Estimation of the number and biomass of anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) producers in the nor theastern part of the Black Sea according to ichthyoplankton surveys // Aquatic bioresources and habitat. V. 3. No. 1. P. 20–26. (In Russ.)

14. Panov B. N., Spiridonova E. O., Pyatinsky M. M., Harutyunyan A. S. 2020. The results of monit oring the t emperature conditions of migration and fishing of the Azov anchovy // Izvestiya vuzov. North Caucasus region. No. 1. P. 71–78. (In Russ.)

15. Popova V. P. 1954. The Black Sea period of the life of the Azov kanchovy. Fisheries research of the Black Sea scientific and fishing expedition VNIRO // Trudy VNIRO. V. 28. P. 65–74. (In Russ.)

16. Puzanov I. I., Tseeb Ya.Ya. 1926. About the anchovy races found in the Black and Azov Seas // Trudy Krymskogo nauchnoissledovatel’skogo instituta. V. 1. P. 86–95.

17. The state of the biological resources of the Black and Azov Seas (reference guide). 1995. Kerch: YugNIRO Press. 64 p. (In Russ.)

18. Trotsky S. K. 1973. A story about the Azov and Don fish. Rostovon-Don: Rostov Book Publishing House. 192 p. (In Russ.)

19. The Black Sea. 1983. A collection [Trans. from bolg. / Comp. A. Vylkanov et al.]. Leningrad: Hydrometeoizdat. 407 p. (In Russ.)

20. Shlyakhov V. A., Negoda S. A., Pyatinsky M. M., Shlyakhova O. V. 2023. Assessment of the state of stocks of anchovy and sprat in the Russian waters of the Black Sea in 2022–2023 // Trudy AzNIIRH. V. 4. P. 9–27. (In Russ.)

21. Shulman G. E. 1960. Dynamics of the chemical composition of the Azov anchovy in connection with the peculiarities of its biology // Trudy Azcherniro. V. 18. P. 130–144. (In Russ.)

22. Bonhomme F., Meyer L., Arbiol C., Banaru D., Bahri-Sfar L., Fadhlaoui-Zid K., Strelkov P., Arculeo M., Soulier L., Quignard J-P., Gagnaire P-A. 2022. Systematics of European coastal anchovies (genus Engraulis Cuvier) //j. Fish Biol. 100:594–600.

23. Chashchin A., Shlyakhov V. A., Dubovik V. E., Negoda S. 2015. Chapter 6 Stock Assessment of Anchov y ( Engraulis encrasicolus L) in Northern Black Sea and Sea of Azov // Progressive Engineering Practices in Marine Resource Management / I. Zlateva, V. Raykov, N. Nikolov eds. Published by Engineering Science Reference (an imprint of IGI Global), Hershey, USA. P. 209–243.

24. Winker H., Carvalho F., Kapur M. 2018. JABBA: just another Bayesian biomass assessment // Fisheries Research. V. 204. P. 275–288.