Multiyear changes in oceanographic factors of the autumn migration of the Black Sea anchovy to the shores of Crimea from satellite data in 2000–2021

   The purpose of this work is to analyze long-term changes in oceanographic indicators in the southeastern area of the northwestern Black Sea in November-December 2000–2021, which determine the migration activity and fishery performance of the Black Sea hammerhead off the coast of Crimea.

   Materials and methods used: The fishery statistics, data of information system Copernicus Marine Service of satellite altimetry and surface temperature of waters near the western coast of the Crimean Peninsula in November-December 2000–2021, graphic and statistical methods of the analysis of these data were used in work.

   Novelty: The element of novelty in the work is the use of oceanographic satellite data in the study of the behaviour of the Black Sea anchovy and long-term changes in its catch off the coast of Crimea.

   Result: During the period under consideration, the tendency of catch increase of the Black Sea anchovy of the Crimean coast is obvious. The main reasons for the activation of the autumn migration of the Black Sea anchovy to the shores of Crimea is a multi-year increase in sea surface temperature and the strengthening of south-eastern currents to the west of the Crimean Peninsula.

   Practical significance: The revealed causes of the mass autumn approaches of the Black Sea anchovy to the Crimean coast allow hoping for possibilities of their use in forecasting the results of the Black Sea anchovy fishing in the  Crimean fishing area, and also give grounds for continuing research with special attention to monitoring of the Black Sea anchovy occurrence on the Crimean shelf.

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