The dynamics of the abundance of commercial fish in the Far Eastern seas and adjacent areas of the open part of the Pacific Ocean and factors influencing it

Purpose of the work: finding patterns in the formation of the abundance of large-scale commercial fish in the Far Eastern seas and adjacent areas of the open part of the Pacific Ocean, identifying abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic factors affecting the number of fish.

Methods used: to solve the set goal from 1937 to 2020. analyzed data on biomass, catch and productivity of generations of 38 groups of marine fish. Within the framework of the discovery of the initial factors that have a potential effect on the biomass of aquatic organisms, long-term data on the variability of the natural environment were used. To determine the strength of the relationship between environmental factors and the abundance of fish, it was for the first time proposed to use the maximum information coefficient (MIC), the calculations of which were made using the R programming language and the Minerva package.

Novelty: the elements of novelty are the identified relationships between the abundance of fish and certain environmental factors through the use of MICs, which can be used for forecasting purposes. The results of the study showed that the highest values of the abundance of aquatic organisms were formed mainly by generations of high abundance with a frequency of 6–13 years (3–7 years for Pacific salmon). Due to the regional impact of abiotic and other factors in the dynamics of individual units of fish stocks within species, a different cyclicality was revealed. Among 15 environmental factors closely related to the abundance of fish, the determining factors were the water temperature in various horizons (from the surface to the bottom), ice cover, phytoplankton bloom, and the biomass of various fractions and species of zooplankton. At the same time, the influence of fishing on the number of studied fish at the present stage is insignificant.

Practical significance: the method for predicting catches used in this work by taking into account the interaction of abiotic and other environmental factors and the discovered patterns in the frequency of formation of the abundance of marine fish will increase the efficiency of using their raw material base.

1. Abdusamatov Kh.I. 2012. A two-century decrease in the solar constant leads to an unbalanced thermal budget of the Earth and a deep cooling of the climate // Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies. V. 28, № 2. Р. 22–33. (In Russ.).

2. Antonov N. P. 1991. Biology and population dynamics of the East Kamchatka pollock: Author’s abstract. diss. … cand. biol. sciences. Vladivostok: TINRO. 23 p. (In Russ.).

3. Antonov N. P. 2011. Commercial fish of the Kamchatka territory: biology, stocks, fishing. M.: VNIRO. 244 р. (In Russ.).

4. Antonov N. P. 2013. Cod Gadus macrocephalus of the Kamchatka waters // Pacific cod of the Far Eastern waters of Russia / Ed. A. M. Orlov. M.: VNIRO Publishing house. Р. 133–151. (In Russ.).

5. Antonov N. P., Datsky A. V. 2019. Use of the raw material base of marine fish in the Far Eastern fishery basin in 2018 // Fisheries. № 3. Р. 66–76. (In Russ.).

6. Antonov N. P., Datsky A. V., Maznikova O. A., Mitenkova L. V. 2016. The current state of the Pacific herring fishery in the Far Eastern seas // Fish industry. № 1. Р. 54–58. (In Russ.).

7. Antonov N. P., Zolotov O. G. 1987. Peculiarities of reproduction of the East Kamchatka pollock // Population structure, population dynamics and ecology of Alaska pollock. Vladivostok: TINRO. Р. 123–132. (In Russ.).

8. Antonov N. P., Kuznetsova E. N. 2018. The current state of the use of the raw material base of the Far Eastern flounder // Fish industry. № 5. Р. 56–61. (In Russ.).

9. Atlas of distribution in the sea of various stocks of Pacific salmon during spring-summer feeding and pre-spawning migrations. 2002. M.: VNIRO. 190 р. (In Russ.).

10. Babayan V. K. 2000. A precautionary approach to estimating total allowable catch (TAC). Analysis and recommendations for use. M.: Publishing house VNIRO. 190 р. (In Russ.).

11. Babayan V. K., Vasiliev D. A., Varkentin A. I., Sergeeva N. P. 2006. Methodological features of substantiating the ТАС for pollock in conditions of uncertainty // Trudy VNIRO. V. 146. Р. 13–37. (In Russ.).

12. Balykin P. A. 1993. Variation in the timing of spawning and mortality of developing eggs in the West Bering Sea pollock ( Theragra chalcogramma (Pallas)) // Study of the biology and dynamics of the number of commercial fish on the Kamchatka shelf. Is. 2. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: KOTINRO. Р. 166–176. (In Russ.).

13. Balykin P. A. 2006. Ichthyocenes of the western part of the Bering Sea: composition, commercial significance and state of stocks: Author’s abstract. diss. … doct. biol. sciences. M.: VNIRO. 50 р. (In Russ.).

14. Balykin P. A., Varkentin A. I. 2002. Distribution of eggs, larvae and underyearlings of pollock Theragra chalcogramma (Gadidae) in the northwestern part of the Bering Sea // Voprosy ichthyology. V. 42, № 6. Р. 798–805. (In Russ.).

15. Balykin P. A., Zolotov A. O. 2010. Interspecific relations of aquatic organisms as a factor of population dynamics // Studies of aquatic biological resources of Kamchatka and the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean. Is. 17. Р. 24–29. (In Russ.).

16. Bering Sea Alaska рollock fishery time. 2017 (Fishery time’s forecast). 2017. Vladivostok: TINRO-Center. 71 р. (In Russ.).

17. Borets L. A. 1997. Bottom ichthyocenes of the Russian shelf of the Far Eastern seas: composition, structure, functioning elements and commercial significance. Vladivostok: TINRO-Center. 217 р. (In Russ.).

18. Borets L. A., Stepanenko M. A., Nikolaev A. V., Gritsay E. V. 2002. The state of pollock stocks in the Navarinsky district of the Bering Sea and the reasons determining the effectiveness of its fishing // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 130, part III. Р. 1001-1014. (In Russ.).

19. Breus T. K. 2003. Influence of solar activity on biological objects: Author’s abstract. diss. … doct. phys.-mat. sciences. M.: IKI RAN. 32 р. (In Russ.).

20. Bugaev V. F. 2011. Asiatic sockeye salmon-2 (biological structure and dynamics of the number of local herds in the late XX — early XXI centuries). Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: Kamchatpress Publishing House. 380 р. (In Russ.).

21. Bugaev V. F., Vronsky B. B., Zavarina L. O., Zorbidi Zh. Kh., Ostroumov A. G., Tiller I. V. 2007. Fish of the Kamchatka river. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: KamchatNIRO Publishing House. 459 р. (In Russ.).

22. Bulatov O. A. 1986. Distribution of eggs and larvae of cod (subfamily Gadinae) in the Pacific waters of Kamchatka and the western part of the Bering Sea // Far Eastern Codfish. Vladivostok: TINRO. Р. 89–102. (In Russ.).

23. Bulatov O. A. 1987. Pollock roe and larvae in the eastern part of the Bering Sea // Population structure, population dynamics and ecology of pollock. Vladivostok: TINRO. Р. 100–114. (In Russ.).

24. Bulatov O. A. 2004. Pollock ( Theragra chalcogramma ) of the Bering Sea: reproduction, stocks and fishery management strategy: Author’s abstract. diss. … doct. biol. sciences. M.: VNIRO. 49 р. (In Russ.).

25. Bulatov O. A. 2014. Pollock fishery and stocks: is turbulence possible? // Voprosy rybolovstva. V. 15, № 4. Р. 350–390. (In Russ.).

26. Bulatov O. A. 2017. Vertical distribution of pollock roe and larvae // Voprosy rybolovstva. V. 18, № 3. Р. 269–285. (In Russ.).

27. Buslov A. V. 2001. New data on the distribution and migrations of pollock in the Pacific waters of the northern Kuril Islands and southeastern Kamchatka // Izvestia TINRO. V. 128. Р. 229–241. (In Russ.).

28. Buslov A. V. 2008. Pollock on the eastern coast of Kamchatka: current state of reserves and recommendations for rational exploitation // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 152. Р. 3–17. (In Russ.).

29. Buslov A. V., Tepnin O. B. 2002. Conditions for spawning and embryogenesis of pollock Theragra chalcogramma (Gadidae) in the deep-water canyons of the Pacific coast of Kamchatka // Voprosy ichthyologii. V. 42, № 5. Р. 617–625. (In Russ.).

30. Buslov A. V., Tepnin O. B., Dubinina A. Yu. 2004. Some features of the spawning ecology and embryogenesis of the Eastern Kamchatka pollock // Izvestia TINRO. V. 138. Р. 282–298. (In Russ.).

31. Varkentin A. I. 2015. New data on the timing of mass spawning of pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) in Western Kamchatka // Studies of aquatic biological resources of Kamchatka and the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Is. 39. Р. 70–74. (In Russ.).

32. Vdovin A. N., Chetlebotsky A. N., Nuzhdin V. V. 2017. Dynamics of the number of the seaside pollock Theragra chalcogramma (Pallas, 1814) (Gadiformes: Gadidae) in the Sea of Japan // Marine Biology. V. 43, № 5. Р. 321–328. (In Russ.).

33. Vershinin V. G. 1984. Biology and fishing of cod in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean: Author’s abstract. diss. … cand. biol. sciences. Vladivostok: DVNTS AS USSR. 21 p. (In Russ.).

34. Vershinin V. G. 1987. About biology and the current state of cod stocks in the northern part of the Bering Sea // Biological resources of the Arctic and Antarctic. M.: Nauka. Р. 207–224. (In Russ.).

35. Vinnikov A. V. 2008. Pacific cod of Western Kamchatka: biology, population dynamics, fishing: Author’s abstract. diss. … cand. biol. sciences. Vladivostok: IBM FEB RAS. 24 р. (In Russ.).

36. Volvenko I. V. 2014. Comparison of the Far Eastern seas and the Northwestern Pacific Ocean by integral characteristics of the trawl macrofauna of pelagial and bottom // Izvestia TINRO. V. 178. Р. 58–67. (In Russ.).

37. Volkov A. F. 2014. The state of the feeding base of Pacific salmon in the Bering Sea in 2003–2012 (based on the results of the international expeditions BASIS-1 and 2) // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 179. Р. 250–271. (In Russ.).

38. Vyshegorodtsev V. A. 1987. On the Is. of reproductive isolation of the North Okhotsk pollock population // Population composition, population dynamics and ecology of pollock. Vladivostok: TINRO. Р. 39–47. (In Russ.).

39. Glubokov A. I., Alekseev D. O., Bizikov V. A. 2000. On the cannibalism of pollock in the north-western part of the Bering Sea at the end of the 90s // Voprosy rybolovstva. V. 1, № 4. Р. 91–97. (In Russ.).

40. Gorbatenko K. M. 2018. Trophodynamics of hydrobionts in the Sea of Okhotsk: Author’s abstract. diss. … doct. biol. sciences. Vladivostok: TINRO. 47 р. (In Russ.).

41. Gorbunova N. N. 1954. Reproduction and development of pollock // Trudy IO AS USSR. V. 11. Р. 132–195. (In Russ.).

42. Gorbunova N. N. 1959. On the reproduction of the southern one-legged terpug // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 47. Р. 145–153. (In Russ.).

43. Gritsay E.V. 2006. Variability of the size-age composition of Alaska pollock on the East and North Bering Sea shelf // Izvestiya TINRO. T. 146. S. 84-102. (In Russ.).

44. Gritsay E.V., Sheibak A.Yu. 2009. Analysis of the fishery and dynamics of the size-age composition of pollock in the Anadyr-Navarinsky region in 2003-2008 // Izvestiya TINRO. T. 158. S. 158-186. (In Russ.).

45. Gudkovich Z. M., Karklin V. P., Mironov E. Yu., Ivanov V. V., Losev S. M., Dyment L. N., Smolyanitsky V. M., Frolov S. V., Yulin A. V., Usoltseva E. A. 2013. The development of ice and meteorological conditions in the Arctic in the period 2007-2013 // Problems of the Arctic and Antarctica. № 2 (96). Р. 90–102. (In Russ.).

46. Datsky A. V. 2004. Reproduction of pollock Theragra chalcogramma (Gadidae) in the Anadyr Bay // Voprosy rybolovstva. V. 5, № 4(20). Р. 597–617. (In Russ.).

47. Datsky A. V., Andronov P. Yu. 2007. Ichthyocene of the upper shelf of the northwestern part of the Bering Sea. Magadan: SVNTS FEB RAS. 261 p. (In Russ.).

48. Dementieva T. F. 1961. The importance of the decisive factor in the light of annual and long-term fluctuations in the number of populations. Proceedings of the meeting on the dynamics of the number of fish. M.: RAS Publishing House. Is. 13. Р. 34–43. (In Russ.).

49. Dynamics of ecosystems of the Bering and Chukchi Seas. 2000. M.: Nauka. 357 p. (In Russ.).

50. Dudnik Yu.I., Zolotov O. G. 2000. Distribution, features of biology and fishing of one-finned greenplants of the genus Pleurogrammus (Hexagrammidae) in the waters near the Kuril Islands // Commercial and biological studies of fish in the Pacific waters of the Kuril Islands and adjacent areas of the Okhotsk and Bering Seas in 1992–1998. M.: VNIRO Publishing House. Р. 78–90. (In Russ.).

51. Dumanskaya I. O. 2017. Ice conditions of the seas of the Asian part of Russia. M.; Obninsk: IG-SOCIN. 640 р. (In Russ.).

52. Dyakov B. S. 2010. Regularities of the development of hydrometeorological conditions of the Sea of Japan in 1950–2009 and the forecast of water temperature // Voprosy promyslovoj okeanologii. Is. 7. № 2. Р. 102–108. (In Russ.).

53. Dyakov Yu.P. 2011. Flatfish (Pleuronectiformes) of the Far Eastern seas of Russia (spatial organization of fauna, seasons and duration of spawning, population structure of the species, population dynamics). Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: KamchatNIRO Publish. 433 p. (In Russ.).

54. Zherebtsov G. A., Kovalenko V. A., Molodykh S. I., Kirichenko K. E. 2013. The influence of solar activity on the temperature of the troposphere and the ocean surface // News of the Irkutsk State University. Series “Earth Sciences”. V. 6, № 1. Р. 61–79. (In Russ.).

55. Zverkova L. M. 1969. About pollock spawning in the waters of the western coast of Kamchatka // Voprosy ikhtiologii. V. 9, Is. 2. Р. 270–275. (In Russ.).

56. Zverkova L. M. 1971. Pollock breeding off the southwestern coast of Sakhalin // Izvestia TINRO. V. 76. Р. 62–75. (In Russ.).

57. Zverkova L. M. 1977. Maturation, fertility and breeding areas of pollock Theragra chalcogramma (Pallas) in the northeastern part of the Sea of Japan // Voprosy ikhtiologii. V. 17, Is. 3. Р. 462–468. (In Russ.).

58. Zverkova L. M. 1981. Intraspecific structure of pollock in the Sea of Okhotsk // Ecology, stocks and fishing of pollock. Vladivostok: TINRO. Р. 41–56. (In Russ.).

59. Zverkova L. M. 1987. Spatial and temporal structure of the pollock reproduction area Theragra chalcogramma (Gadidae) in the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk // Voprosy ikhtiologii. V. 27, Is. 3. Р. 414–420. (In Russ.).

60. Zverkova L. M., Pushnikov V. V. 1980. Distribution of pelagic pollock caviar in the Sea of Okhotsk // Fishery studies of temperate waters of the Pacific Ocean. Vladivostok. Р. 117–123. (In Russ.).

61. Zolotov A. O. 2008. The use of trawl surveys to estimate the number of flounders in the Karaginsky and Olyutorsky bays: methodology and results // Studies of aquatic biological resources of Kamchatka and the northwestern Pacific Ocean. V. 13. P. 51–58. (In Russ.).

62. Zolotov A. O. 2009. Modeling of the optimal fishing regime for yellowfin sole of the western part of the Bering Sea // Studies of aquatic biological resources of Kamchatka and the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Is. 11. P. 100–104. (In Russ.).

63. Zolotov A. O. 2011. Distribution and seasonal migrations of flounders of the Karaginsky and Olyutorsky gulfs // Studies of aquatic biological resources of Kamchatka and the north-western part of the Pacific Ocean. Is. 21. P. 73–100. (In Russ.).

64. Zolotov A. O., Zolotov O. G., Spirin I. Yu. 2015. The long-term dynamics of biomass and the modern fishery for Atka mackerel in the Pacific waters of Kamchatka and the Kuril Islands // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 181. P. 3–22. (In Russ.).

65. Zolotov A. O., Smirnov A. V., Baranchuk-Chervonny L.N., Dubinina A. Yu. 2014. Long-term dynamics and current state of the stock of yellowfin sole in the waters of Sakhalin Island // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 178. P. 25–57. (In Russ.).

66. Zolotov A. O., Terentyev D. A., Spirin I. Yu. 2013. The composition and current state of the demersal fish community of the Karaginsky and Olyutorsky bays // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 174. P. 85–103. (In Russ.).

67. Zolotov A. O., Fatykhov R. N. 2016. Status of stocks and fishing features Okhotsk atka mackerel Jordan et Metz (1913) in the waters of the southern Kuril Islands // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 186. P. 61–80. (In Russ.).

68. Zolotov O. G. 1975. Distribution of the Atka mackerel in the coastal waters of the northern Kuril Islands // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 97. P. 37–43. (In Russ.).

69. Zolotov O. G. 1981. Sexual dimorphism in the Atka mackerel Pleurogrammus monopterigius // Voprosy ikhtiologii. V. 21, Is. 2. P. 253–257. (In Russ.).

70. Zolotov O. G. 1991. Distribution and drift of pollock eggs and larvae off the western coast of Kamchatka // Investigation of biology and population dynamics of commercial fish of the Kamchatka shelf. Is. 1, part 1. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: KamchatNIRO. P. 167–182. (In Russ.).

71. Zolotov O. G., Orlov A. M. 2009. The role of submarine uplifts in the structure of the range of the Atka mackerel // Fisheries. V. 6. P. 53–56. (In Russ.).

72. Zorbidi J. H. 2010. Coho salmon Asian stud. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: KamchatNIRO, 306 p.

73. Izhevsky G. K. 1961. Oceanological foundations of the formation of commercial productivity of the seas: Monograph. M.: Food. prom. 216 p. (In Russ.).

74. Izhevsky G. K. 1964. The system basis for forecasting oceanological conditions of fish reproduction. M.: VNIRO. 165 p. (In Russ.).

75. Ilyin O. I., Sergeeva N. P., Varkentin A. I. 2014. Stock assessment and forecasting of the TAC of the East Kamchatka pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) based on a precautionary approach // Trudy VNIRO. V. 151. P. 62–74. (In Russ.).

76. Karpenko V. I. 1998. The early marine life of Pacific salmon. M.: VNIRO. 165 p. (In Russ.).

77. Kachina T. F. 1981. Herring of the western part of the Bering Sea. M.: Leg. and food. prom-st. 121 p. (In Russ.).

78. Kachina T. F., Balykin P. A. 1981. Pollock spawning in the western part of the Bering Sea // Ecology, stocks and fishing of pollock. Vladivostok: TINRO. pp. 63–72. (In Russ.).

79. Kim Sen Tok, Biryukov I. A. 2009. Some features of biology and commercial resources of bottom and bottom fish species in the shelf waters of the Southern Kuril Islands in 1987-2006. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk: SakhNIRO. 124 p. (In Russ.).

80. Kim Sen Tok. 2007. The modern structure and trends in the resources of demersal fish in the Western Sakhalin waters // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 148. P. 35–56. (In Russ.).

81. Kim Sen Tok . 2013. Distinctive features of the biology and resources of cod in the northeastern part of the Sea of Japan (the west coast of Sakhalin) // Pacific cod of the Far Eastern waters of Russia / edited by A. M. Orlov. M.: VNIRO. P. 81–106. (In Russ.).

82. Klyashtorin L. B., Lyubushin A. A. 2005. Cyclical changes in climate and fish productivity. M.: VNIRO Publishing House. 235 p. (In Russ.).

83. Kolesnik Yu.A. 2002 a. The unevenness of the Earth’s rotation and its influence on natural processes and dynamics of biosystems // Izvestiya TINRO. T. 130. P. 1283–1297. (In Russ.).

84. Kolesnik Yu.A. 2002 b. Investigation of biota reactions to long-term changes in heliogeophysical processes: Author’s abstract. diss. … doct. biol. sciences. Vladivostok: DVSU. 43 p. (In Russ.).

85. Krovnin A. S., Antonov N. P., Kotenev B. N., Muriy G. P. 2017. The influence of climate on quasi-decadal changes in the number of generations of cod in the north-western part of the Bering Sea // Trudy VNIRO. V. 169. P. 37–50. (In Russ.).

86. Kuznetsov M. Yu., Basyuk E. O., Chulchekov D. N., Syrovatkin E. V. 2013. Distribution and hydrological conditions of pollock habitat in the north-western part of the Bering Sea in the summer-autumn period // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 174. P. 104–124. (In Russ.).

87. Kuznetsova N. A. 2007. Materials on the nutrition of juvenile fish in the eastern part of the Bering Sea in 2003–2006 // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 150. P. 226–247. (In Russ.).

88. Kulik V. V. 2007. Long-term dynamics of the relative abundance of necton and macroplankton in the upper layers of the pelagial of the Sea of Okhotsk // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 150. P. 56–85. (In Russ.).

89. Kulik V. V. 2009. Dynamics of abundance of fish and invertebrates in the pelagial of the Sea of Okhotsk in connection with heliophysical and climatic-oceanological factors: Author’s abstract. diss. … cand. biol. sciences. Vladivostok: TINRO. 24 p. (In Russ.).

90. Cushing D. H. 1979. Marine ecology and fisheries. M.: Food industry. 288 p. (In Russ.).

91. Loboda S. V., Zhigalin A. Yu. 2017. Results of studies of Pacific herring in the northwestern part of the Bering Sea in 2010–2015 // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 188. P. 125–139. (In Russ.).

92. Lukyanova O. N., Borisenko G. S., Zhuravel E. V., Cherkashin S. A., Chernyaev A. P., Tsygankov V. Yu. 2018. Ecological state of the Far Eastern seas // Marine pollution: ecological monitoring, bioindication, rationing. Collection of articles of the All-Russian Scientific Conference with the international participation, dedication. 125th anniversary of Professor V. A. Vodyanitsky, Sevastopol, May 28 — June 1, 2018 Sevastopol: “Color”. P. 135–142. (In Russ.).

93. Luchin V. A. 2008. Thermal regime of the waters of the Far Eastern seas (Japanese, Okhotsk, Bering): Author’s abstract. diss. …doc. geogr. sciences. Vladivostok: TOI RAS. 48 p. (In Russ.).

94. Makoedov A. N., Korotaev Yu.A., Antonov N. P. 2009. Asian chum salmon. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: KamchatNIRO. 356 p. (In Russ.).

95. Macrofauna of the pelagial of the western part of the Bering Sea: tables of occurrence, abundance and biomass, 1982-2009, 2012. Vladivostok: TINRO Center. 479 p. (In Russ.).

96. Maksimenkov V. V. 2002. Nutrition and nutritional relations of juvenile fish living in estuaries of rivers and the coast of Kamchatka: Author’s abstract. diss. … doct. biol. sciences. Vladivostok: TINRO. 42 p. (In Russ.).

97. Malozemov O. Yu. 2016. Biorhythmology. Yekaterinburg: UGLTU. 144 p. (In Russ.).

98. Melnikov I. V. 1996. Juveniles of the Okhotsk Atka mackerel Pleurogrammus azonus in the epipelagic zone of the deep-water regions of the Far Eastern seas. 1. Sea of Japan // Voprosy ikhtiologii. V. 36, № 4. P. 463–469. (In Russ.).

99. Moiseev P. A. 1953. Cod and flounders of the Far Eastern seas // Izvestia TINRO. V. 40. 287 p. (In Russ.).

100. Mukhacheva V. A., Zvyagina O. A. 1960. The development of the Pacific cod Gadus morhua macrocephalus Tilesius // Tr. IO AS USSR. V. 31. P. 145–165. (In Russ.).

101. Napazakov V. V. 2003. Nutrition and food relations of fish of the bottom ichthyocenes of the western part of the Bering Sea: Author’s abstract. diss. … cand. biol. sciences. Vladivostok: DVSU. 23 p. (In Russ.).

102. Naumenko N. I. 2001. Biology and fishing of marine herring of the Far East: Monograph. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: Kamchatka Printing Yard. 330 p. (In Russ.).

103. Nikolaev A. V., Stepanenko M. A. 2001. The state of resources, distribution characteristics of the East Bering Sea walleye pollock population according to the results of acoustic surveys in the summer of 1999 // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 128. P. 188–206. (In Russ.).

104. Nikolsky G. V. 2012. Theory of fish herd dynamics as a biological basis for rational exploitation and reproduction of fish resources. Selected works, new edition. V. 1. M.: VNIRO Publishing House. 465 p. (In Russ.).

105. Novikova O. V. 2007. Saffron cod in the Kamchatka waters: Author’s abstract. diss. … cand. biol. sciences. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: KamchatNIRO. 23 p. (In Russ.).

106. Novikova O. V. 2014. Overview of the Saffron cod fishery in the Far Eastern seas // Studies of aquatic biological resources of Kamchatka and the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Is. 33. P. 38–48. (In Russ.).

107. Nuzhdin V. A. 1987. Distribution of pollock eggs and larvae in the north-western part of the Sea of Japan // Population structure, population dynamics and ecology of pollock. Vladivostok: TINRO. P. 74–80. (In Russ.).

108. Nuzhdin V. A. 2008. Biology and state of pollock stocks Theragra chalcogramma in the waters of Primorye: Author’s abstract. diss. … cand. biol. sciences. Vladivostok: TINRO Center. 20 p. (In Russ.).

109. Ovsyannikov E. E. 2011. Dynamics of spatial distribution of pollock eggs and juveniles in the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk: Author’s abstract. diss. … cand. biol. sciences. Vladivostok: TINRO Center. 20 p. (In Russ.).

110. Ostrovsky V. I. 2011. Factors determining the abundance of downstream juvenile pink salmon of the Iska river // Izvestia TINRO. V. 166. P. 88–102. (In Russ.).

111. Ostrovsky V. I. 2014. Factors determining the number of downstream juveniles of the pink salmon of the river We // Izvestia TINRO. V. 177. P. 156–166. (In Russ.).

112. Okhotsk Sea pollock — 2018 (Fishery time’s forecast). 2017. Vladivostok: TINRO-Center, 76 p. (In Russ.).

113. Patin S. A. 2008. Oil spills and their impact on the marine environment and bioresources. M.: VNIRO Publish. 508 p. (In Russ.).

114. Pertseva-Ostroumova T.A. 1961. Reproduction and development of Far Eastern flounders. M.: AS USSR. 484 p. (In Russ.).

115. Pertseva-Ostroumova T.A. 1962. Features of reproduction and development of flounders with bottom and pelagic eggs // Voprosy ikhtiologii. V. 5. P. 161–163. (In Russ.).

116. Pischalnik V. M., Minervin I. G., Truskov P. A. 2020. Estimation of the ice volume of the Sea of Okhotsk by its age characteristics for the period 2001–2019 // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 200, Is. 2. P. 427–444. (In Russ.).

117. Pishchalnik V. M., Romanyuk V. A., Minervin I. G., Batukhtina A. S. 2016. Analysis of the dynamics of anomalies of the ice cover of the Sea of Okhotsk in the period from 1882 to 2015 // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 185. P. 158–171. (In Russ.).

118. Plotnikov V. V., Vakulskaya N. M. 2012. Variability of ice conditions of the Bering Sea in the second half of the XX — beginning of the XXI century // Izvestia TINRO. T. 170. P. 220–228. (In Russ.).

119. Plotnikov V. V., Vakulskaya N. M., Dubina V. A. 2019. Variability of ice conditions of the Bering Sea // Oceanology. V. 59, № 6. P. 920–927. (In Russ.).

120. Poltev Yu.N., Mukhametov I. N., Fatykhov R. N. 2012. About spawning of Pacific cod Gadus macrocephallus in the waters southeast of Onekotan Island // Voprosy ikhtiologii. V. 52, № 6. P. 734–738. (In Russ.).

121. Polutov V. I. 1991. The rate of puberty and fertility of halibut flounder off the eastern coast of Kamchatka // Study of biology and population dynamics of commercial fish of the Kamchatka shelf. Is. 1, part 2. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: KamchatNIRO. P. 16–22. (In Russ.).

122. Pushnikov V. V. 1978. Spatial structure of pollock of the Sea of Okhotsk // Izvestiya TINRO. T. 102. P. 90–96. (In Russ.).

123. Pushnikov V. V. 1982. The population structure of pollock of the Sea of Okhotsk and the state of its reserves: Author’s abstract. diss. … cand. biol. sciences. Vladivostok. 23 p. (In Russ.).

124. Radchenko V. I. 2015. Characteristics of the ecosystem of the Sea of Okhotsk based on the results of modeling // Trudy VNIRO. V. 155. P. 79–111. (In Russ.).

125. Rostov I. D., Rudykh N. I., Rostov V. I., Vorontsov A. A. 2016. Trends of climatic and anthropogenic changes in the marine environment of the coastal regions of Russia in the Sea of Japan over the past decades // Izvestia TINRO. V. 186. P. 163–181. (In Russ.).

126. Savin A. B. 2013. Distribution and migration of Pacific cod in the western part of the Bering Sea, off the coast of eastern Kamchatka and in the Sea of Okhotsk // Pacific cod of the Far Eastern waters of Russia / ed. Orlov A. M. M.: VNIRO Publish. P. 37–80. (In Russ.).

127. Safronov S. N. 1986. Pacific navaga // Biological resources of the Pacific Ocean. M.: Nauka. P. 201–212. (In Russ.).

128. Svirsky V. G., Ivanov P. P. 1984. Eating larvae of saury of the Japanese pilchard // Biology of the sea. № 4. P. 67–90. (In Russ.).

129. Serobaba I. I. 1968. Pollock spawning in the northeastern part of the Bering Sea // Voprosy ikhtiologii. V. 8, Is. 6. P. 992–1003. (In Russ.).

130. Serobaba I. I. 1974. Ecology of Bering Sea pollock spawning // Voprosy ikhtiologii. V. 14, Is. 4. P. 635–648. (In Russ.).

131. Smirnov A. A. 2014. Biology, distribution and state of stocks of the Gizhiginsko-Kamchatka herring: Monograph. Magadan: SVSU. 170 p. (In Russ.).

132. Stepanenko M. A. 2001 a. State of stocks, interannual variability of replenishment numbers and commercial use of walleye pollock from the East Bering Sea population in the 80–90s // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 128. P. 145–152. (In Russ.).

133. Stepanenko M. A. 2001 b. Patterns of interannual variability in the numbers of the East Bering Sea walleye pollock population and its trends in the late 90s // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 128. P. 136–144. (In Russ.).

134. Stepanenko M. A., Gritsay E. V. 2016. The state of resources, spatial differentiation and reproduction of walleye pollock in the northern and eastern parts of the Bering Sea // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 185. P. 16–30. (In Russ.).

135. Stepanenko M. A., Nikolaev A. V. 2005. The state of resources of the East Bering Sea walleye pollock in the early 2000s and its fisheries management // Voprosy rybolovstva. V. 6, № 2. P. 326–345. (In Russ.).

136. Tarasyuk S. N. 1997. Biology and abundance dynamics of the main fishing flounders of Sakhalin: Author’s abstract. diss. … cand. biol. sciences. Vladivostok. 24 p. (In Russ.).

137. Tokranov A. M., Vinnikov A. V. 1991. Feeding features of Pacific cod and its place in the trophic system of Kamchatka coastal waters // Voprosy ikhtiologii. V. 31. P. 253–265. (In Russ.).

138. Trofimov I. K. 2010. On the distribution of Saffron cod on the shelf of the Karaginsky and Olyutorsky bays of the Bering Sea (based on the materials of bottom trawl surveys in 1971–2006) // Studies of aquatic biological resources of Kamchatka and the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Is. 18. P. 58–70. (In Russ.).

139. Fadeev N. S. 1971. Biology and fishery of Pacific flounders. Vladivostok: Dalizdat. 100 p. (In Russ.).

140. Fadeev N. S. 1981. Terms of reproduction and spawning approaches of pollock // Ecology, stocks and fishing of pollock. Vladivostok: TINRO. P. 3–18. (In Russ.).

141. Fadeev N. S. 1986. Bering Sea // Biological resources of the Pacific Ocean. Moscow: Nauka. P. 389–405. (In Russ.).

142. Fadeev N. S. 1987. Spawning grounds and breeding dates for pollock in the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk // Population structure, population dynamics and ecology of pollock. Vladivostok: TINRO. P. 5–22. (In Russ.).

143. Fadeev N. S. 1988. Distribution and migration of pollock in the Bering Sea // Fisheries. № 7. P. 46–47. (In Russ.).

144. Fadeev N. S. 2005. Guide to the Biology and Fisheries of the North Pacific. Vladivostok: TINRO-Center. 366 p. (In Russ.).

145. Fadeev N. S. 2009. Pollock of the Sea of Japan. Terms and areas of spawning, population composition // Izvestiya TINRO. T. 159. P. 70–100. (In Russ.).

146. Fadeev N. S., Vespestad V. 2001. Walleye pollock fishing survey // Izvestia TINRO. V. 128. P. 75–91. (In Russ.).

147. Fadeev N. S., Smirnov A. V. 1987. Estimation of the number of caviar and pollock producers in the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk // Biology of the sea. № 4. P. 19–25. (In Russ.).

148. Farkhutdinov R. K. 2005. Ecology of reproduction, dynamics of abundance and state of stocks of Okhotsk herring: Author’s abstract. diss. … cand. biol. sciences. Khabarovsk: VNIIFF. 22 p. (In Russ.).

149. Feldman M. G., Shevlyakov E. A. 2015. Survival of Kamchatka pink salmon as a result of the combined effect of density regulation and external environmental factors // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 182. P. 88–114. (In Russ.).

150. Figurkin A. L., Zhigalov I. A., Vanin N. S. 2008. Oceanological conditions in the Sea of Okhotsk in the early 2000s. // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 152. P. 240–252. (In Russ.).

151. Khen G. V., Basyuk E. O., Zuenko Yu.I., Ustinova E. I., Figurkin A. L., Glebova S. Yu., Shatilina T. A. 2009. Features of hydrological conditions in the Far Eastern seas in 2008–2009 // Voprosy promyslovoj okeanologii. Is. 6, № 2. P. 22–47. (In Russ.).

152. Hen G. V., Basyuk E. O., Sorokin Yu.D., Ustinova E. I., Figurkin A. L. 2008. Thermal conditions on the surface of the Bering and Okhotsk Seas at the beginning of the 21st century against the background of half a century of variability // Izvestiya TINRO. T. 153. P. 254–263. (In Russ.).

153. Chernyavsky F. B. 1984. Mammals of the extreme north-east of Siberia. M.: Nauka. 388 p. (In Russ.).

154. Chernyavsky F. B. 2007. Studies of population cycles of lemmings and forest voles in the eastern sector of the Subarctic // Bulletin of the SVNTS FEB RAS. Is. 3. P. 28–33. (In Russ.).

155. Chetvergov A. V. 2002. Sexual maturation of Western Kamchatka flounders // Izvestiya TINRO. V. 130, part 3. P. 940–953. (In Russ.).

156. Chuchukalo V. I. 2006. Nutrition and nutritional relationships of nekton and nectobenthos in the Far Eastern seas. Vladivostok: TINRO-Center. 484 p. (In Russ.).

157. Schwartz S. S. 1969. Evolutionary ecology of animals: ecological mechanisms of the evolutionary process. Sverdlovsk. 197 p. (In Russ.).

158. Shevchenko V. V., Datsky A. V. 2014. Bioeconomics of the use of commercial pollock resources of the Northern Pacific. The experience of Russian and American fishermen. M.: VNIRO. 212 p. (In Russ.).

159. Shuntov V. P. 2001. Biology of the Far Eastern seas of Russia. Vladivostok: TINRO-center. V. 1. 580 p. (In Russ.).

160. Shuntov V. P. 2016. Biology of the Far Eastern seas of Russia. Vladivostok: TINRO. V. 2. 604 p. (In Russ.).

161. Shuntov V. P., Volkov A. F., Temnykh O. S., Dulepova E. P. 1993. Walleye pollock in ecosystems of the Far Eastern seas. Vladivostok: TINRO. 426 p. (In Russ.).

162. Shuntov V. P., Ivanov O. A. 2019. Climatic changes and the current state of the biota of the Russian waters of the Far Eastern seas // Izvestia TINRO. V. 197. P. 83–107. (In Russ.).

163. Shuntov V. P., Ivanov O. A. 2021. «Wrong fish» or incorrect hypotheses: what happens to the nekton of the Kuril ocean waters? // Izvestia TINRO. V. 201, Is. 1. P. 3–23. (In Russ.).

164. Shuntov V. P., Temnykh O. S. 2008. Pacific salmon in marine and oceanic ecosystems. Vladivostok: TINRO-Center. V. 1. 481 p. (In Russ.).

165. Shuntov V. P., Temnykh O. S. 2011. Pacific salmon in marine and oceanic ecosystems. Vladivostok: TINRO-Center. V. 2. 473 p. (In Russ.).

166. Yazev S. A., Levi K. G., Zadonina N. V. 2009. Global warming and questions of scientific methodology // Izvestiya Irkutsk unta. Series “Earth Sciences”. V. 1, № 1. P. 198–213. (In Russ.).

167. Albanese D., Filosi M., Visintainer R., Riccadonna S., Jurman G., Furlanello C. 2012. Minerva and minepy: a C engine for the MINE suite and its R, Python and MATLAB wrappers // Bioinformatics. V. 29, Is. 3. Pp. 406–407.

168. Datsky A. V., Kulik V. V., Datskaya S. A. 2021. Maximal information coefficients between some abiotic factors and fish stocks in the north-west Pacific, Mendeley Data, v4, doi: 10.17632/d5hy9smz5p.4. Accessible via: https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/d5hy9smz5p/4.

169. Hastie T., Tibshirani R. 1990. Generalized Additive Models. London: Chapman & Hall. 467 p.

170. Hinckley S. 1987. The reproductive biology of walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, in the Bering Sea, with reference to spawning stock structure // Fish. Bull. V. 85, № 3, pp. 481–498.

171. Ianelli J. N., Honkalehto T., Barbeaux S., Kotwicki S., Aydin K. Williamson N. 2013. Assessment of the walleye pollock stock in the Eastern Bering Sea. Accessible via: http://www.afsc.noaa.gov/REFM/docs/2013/EBSpollock.pdf.

172. Ianelli J. N., Kotwicki S., Honkalehto T., McCarthy А., Stienessen S., Holsman K. 2018. Chapter 1: Assessment of the walleye pollock stock in the Easter Bering Sea. Accessible via: https://www.afsc.noaa.gov/REFM/docs/2018/BSAI/2018EBSpollock.pdf.

173. Kinney J. B., Atwal G. S. 2014. Equitability, mutual information, and the maximal information coefficient // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 111(9): 3354–3359.

174. Large S.I, Fay G., Friedland K. D., Link J. S. 2015. Critical points in ecosystem responses to fishing and environmental pressures // Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. V. 521. Pp. 1–17.

175. McArthur R.H., Wilson E. O. 1967. The theory of island biogeography. Princeton (N.J.): Princeton Univ. Press. 203 p.

176. NPAFC. Доступно через: http://www.npafc.org/new/science_statistics.html. 09.09.2021.

177. Okada K. 1986. Biological characteristics and abundance of pelagic pollock in the Aleutian Basin // Bull. INPFC. № 45. Pp. 150–176.

178. Ormseth O. A. 2019. Status of forage species in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands region // Alaska Fisheries Science Center. Pp. 1–46. Accessible via: https://apps-afsc.fisheries.noaa.gov/refm/docs/2019/BSAIforage.pdf.

179. Reshef D. N. Reshef Y. A., Mitzenmacher M., Sabeti P. C. 2014. Cleaning up the record on the maximal information coefficient and equitability // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. V. 111, № 33. Pp. 3362–3363.

180. Reshef D. N., Reshef Y. A., Finucane H. K., Grossman S. R., McVean G., Turnbaugh P. J., Lander E. S., Mitzenmacher M., Sabeti P. C. 2011. Detecting novel associations in large data sets // Science. V. 334, № 6062, pp. 1518–1524.

181. Sakamoto Y., Ishiguro M., Kitagawa G. 1986. Akaike Information Criterion Statistics. D. Reidel Publishing Company. Tokyo, Dordrecht etc. 290 p.

182. Siddon E., Zador S. 2017. Status of the Eastern Bering Sea Marine Ecosystem. Ecosystem Considerations 2017 // North Pacific Fishery Management Council. Anchorage, AK. pp. 1–229. Accessible via: https://www.afsc.noaa.gov/REFM/Docs/2017/ecosysEBS.pdf.

183. Stepanenko M. A. 1989. The state of stocks and distribution of pollock in the Bering Sea // Proc. Intern. Symp. Biol. Managem. Walleye Pollock, Nov. 1988. Fairbanks, Alaska. Pp. 537–547.

184. Vasilets P. M. 2015. FMS analyst — computer program for processing data from Russian Fishery Monitoring System. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.5186.0962.

185. Vinnikov A. V. 1996. Pacific cod ( Gadus macrocephalus ) of the Western Bering Sea // Ecology of Bering Sea: a review of Russian literature (Mathisen O. A., Coyle K. O., eds.). Alaska Sea Grant Report № 96–01. Fairbanks: University of Alaska. Pp. 183–202.

186. Wood S. N. 2003. Thin plate regression splines // J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B (Statistical Methodol). V. 65, № 1, pp. 95–114.

187. Wood S. N. 2011. Fast stable restricted maximum likelihood and marginal likelihood estimation of semiparametric generalized linear models // J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B (Statistical Methodol). V. 73, № 1, pp. 3–36.

188. Wood S. N., Shaw S., Goude Y. 2015. Generalized additive models for large data sets // J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. C (Applied Stat.). V. 64, № 1, pp. 139–155.